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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2019.tde-20191220-111353
Document
Author
Full name
Arnóbio Gonçalves de Andrade
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1977
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Incorporação de 14Co2 e atividade da RuDP carboxilase em algumas variedades de feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Keywords in Portuguese
ATIVIDADE ENZIMÁTICA
CARBONO 14
FEIJÃO
FOTOSSÍNTESE
VARIEDADES VEGETAIS
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente trabalho consta de uma. série de experimentos desenvolvidos no Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA/ESALQ/USP). A sua principal final idade foi a de testar a adequabilidade do método de incorporação de 14Co2 em folhas intactas, utilizando equipamento portátil para detectar diferenças na eficiência fotossintética de variedades de feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). As diferenças relativas a atividade da RuDP carboxilase em extrato bruto de folhas, área foliar e teor de clorofila das folhas também foram estudadas, procurando-se estabelecer as relações entre estes parâmetros e a taxa fotossintética. As plantas foram cultivadas em meio hidropônico com solução de Hoagland e Arnon nº 2, sendo utilizado o folíolo central da 1ª folha trifoliolada, exceto quando se estudou o efeito da idade da folha, quando foram usados os folíolos centrais de todas as folhas do mesmo ramo. A análise das condições experimentais e da própria metodologia se constituem pontos básicos do trabalho. A taxa de incorporação de 14Co2, à luz saturante, variou 14,94 a 22,91 mg Co2/dm2.hora, podendo-se dividir as variedades em duas classes, tendo como limite a taxa de 20 mg Co2/dm2.hora. Observa-se uma variabilidade relativamente elevada entre plantas da mesma variedade e forte dependência em relação ao ambiente, de modo que as diferenças entre variedades somente podem ser detectadas quando acentuadas. Contudo, o método é apropriado para verificação destas diferenças em condições controladas. As diferenças encontradas em relação a atividade da RuDP carboxilase não foram consistentes de um ensaio para outro. Esta atividade corresponde aproximadamente à metade da taxa de incorporação, embora não se tenha verificado relação entre estes, parâmetros. Também com a área foliar total e o teor de clorofila das folhas não se verificou tendência para correlação, apesar das diferenças entre variedades serem significativas, especialmente à medida que a planta cresce.
Title in English
Not avaliable
Abstract in English
The present work describes a series of experiments conducted at the Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA/ESALQ/USP). Their main objective was to test the feasibility of detecting differences in the photosynthetic efficiency of beans plant varieties ((Phaseolus vulgaris L.) using the method of 14CO2 incorporation in intact leaves with portable equipment. Relative differences in RuDP carboxylase activity in the crude extract of leaves, leaf area and leaf chlorophyll concentration were also measured and an attempt was made to associate them with the photosynthetic rate of the leaves. All plants were grown in hydroponic environment with Hoagland and Arnon’s nº 2 solution. Measurements were made on the central trifoliate of the first trifoliated leaf except when the effect leaf age was studied in which case all central trifoliates of the same branch were used. The analysis of the experimental conditions and of the methodology itself was one of the basic points of this work. Rates of 14CO2 incorporation, at saturating light, varied from 14,94 to 22,91 mg CO2/dm2. Hour. and varieties could be divided into two classes, one with rates above and the other with rates below 20 mg CO2/dm2 .hour. Plants of the same variety showed a relatively high variability and a strong dependence in relation to environmental conditions in such a way that differences among varieties could only be determined if these differences were large. However the method used is feasible to determine these variations under controlled conditions. Differences among varieties in relation to RuDP carboxylase activity were not consistent from one experiment to another. The activities corresponded to about half the 14CO2 incorporation rates but there was no positive correlation between them. There was also no correlation between leaf area or leaf chlorophyll content and the photosynthetic rate, in spite of the fact that there were significant differences among varieties, especially at later stages of development.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-12-20
 
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