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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2019.tde-20191220-115355
Document
Author
Full name
Emilio Sakai
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1996
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Desenvolvimento da cultura do milho em diferentes condições de drenagem subterrânea, no Vale do Ribeira
Keywords in Portuguese
DESENVOLVIMENTO
DRENAGEM SUBTERRÂNEA
MILHO
Abstract in Portuguese
As extensas terras de baixada do Vale do Rio Ribeira possivelmente apresentarão boas condições de cultivo, se forem devidamente saneadas e drenadas. Com o intuito de se conhecer melhor essa potencialidade e obter informações para uso de projetos, foi conduzido um ensaio de campo com a cultura do milho na E.E. Pariquera Açu do Instituto Agronômico do Estado de São Paulo (IAC). Numa área de solo orgânico, foram estabelecidos os sistemas de drenagem subterrânea compostos de tubos corrugados envoltos em material filtrante instalados na profundidade de 1,00m com declive de 0,002m.m-1, nos espaçamentos de 3, 6, 9,12 e 18m, que constituíram os tratamentos do presente estudo. O método do tensiômetro proposto para o monitoramento do lençol freático mostrou-se confiável e adequado ao uso em experimentação agrícola. As maiores diferenças entre tratamentos foram da ordem de 15cm na profundidade do lençol freático. A utilização do conceito de "Somatório de Excesso de Agua", SEW30, para quantificar o efeito do lençol freático acima da profundidade crítica de 30cm, produziu uma relação hiperbólica decrescente com a produção final. Relação similar foi obtida com o Índice Diário de Estresse, SDI, porém a significância estatística foi menor que a obtida para SEW30. O melhor desempenho foi observado no tratamento com drenos espaçados a 3m, atingindo a 7.3 t.ha-1 de produção final. O aumento no espaçamento entre drenos resultou em pequena redução nos parâmetros de crescimento e produção da cultura. Porém, as maiores diferenças foram da ordem de 10%, como na produção final de grãos. A profundidade efetiva máxima da cultura do milho foi de 39cm nos tratamentos de 3, 6 e 9m e diminuiu em torno de 20% nos de maiores distâncias.
Title in English
Growth of maize under several drained field conditions, in the Ribeira Valley
Abstract in English
Large underdeveloped low land area is still available in the Ribeira Valley, which might present good conditions for an intensive agriculture if properly drained. This work had the purpose to know the production level and preliminary information for using in drainage projects. A field experiment with maize was conduced during the rainy season of 1994, at the Experimental Station of Pariquera Açu of the Agronomic Institute (IAC) of São Paulo State, Brazil. A subsurface drainage system was established in an area of organic-mineral soil at 1.0m deep and slope of 0.002m.m-1, with five treatments of drain spacing: 3.0, 6.0, 9.0, 12.0, and 18.0m. A proposed tensiometric method for evaluating the water table depth showed to be adequate for using in field experimentation. The largest differences of water table depth among treatments were, in average, 0.15 m. The crop performance was best on the treatment with 3.0 m of drain spacing, with a 7.3 t/ha of final grain yield, considered very high for the regional standard. Increasing the drain distance resulted in a small reduction on plant development and productivity. The largest difference was around 10%, measured on final grain yield. The concept of Sum of Excess of Water, SEW30, was used to quantify the effect of water table above 30 cm depth. It produced a decreasing hyperbolic relation with final yield. Similar relation was obtained with Stress Day Index, SDI, except that its significance was slightly smaller than the former. The maximum effective root depth of maize reached to 0.39 m in the 3.0, 6.0 and 9.0 m treatments, and it was reduced about 20% as the drain spacing was increased.
 
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SakaiEmilio.pdf (3.27 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2019-12-20
 
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