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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2020.tde-20200111-134611
Document
Author
Full name
Márcia Justino Rossini Mutton
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1990
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Efeitos de impurezas sobre a sistemática de pagamento de cana-de-açúcar pela qualidade
Keywords in Portuguese
CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR
EFEITO DE IMPUREZAS
PAGAMENTO
QUALIDADE
Abstract in Portuguese
A presente pesquisa foi conduzida no Departamento de Tecnologia da FCAV/UNESP, Campus de Jaboticabal e no Laboratório de Controle de Qualidade, da Usina São Carlos, situada no município de Jaboticabal, SP, com o objetivo de avaliar o comportamento do Coeficiente C, determinado na cana-de- açúcar (Saccharum spp, var. NA 56-79), com diferentes teores de impurezas (mineral e vegetal). Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados com os tratamentos num esquema fatorial 8x4, com 14 repetições em dois tipos de solo (arenoso e argiloso), sendo fatores os tipos de impurezas: 1) Cana Limpa = Testemunha (0%), 2) Cana Limpa + Solo (S), 3) Cana Limpa + Impureza Vegetal Seca (IVS), 4) Cana Limpa + Impureza Vegetal Verde (IVV), 5) Cana Limpa + IVS + S, 6) Cana Limpa + IVV + S, 7) Cana Limpa + IVV + IVS, 8) Cana Limpa + IVV + IVS + S, e os teores em 4 níveis, a saber: 2%, 4%, 6% e 8%, no período compreendido entre maio e novembro da safra 86/87. Para a determinação do Coeficiente C, foram avaliadas as seguintes características: Brix % Caldo Extraído, Pol % Caldo Extraído, Peso Bagaço Prensa (PBU), Peso Seco do Bagaço Prensa (PBS), Umidade % do Bagaço, Extração % do Caldo, Fibra % Cana (Pagamento da Cana pelo Teor de Sacarose-PCTS), Pol % Cana PCTS, Valorização Total da Matéria-Prima PCTS, Ágio/Deságio PCTS. As características de Fibra % Cana até Ágio/Deságio foram também avaliados de acordo com metodologia de TANIMOTO. Além destes dois sistemas (PCTS e TANIMOTO), foi realizado um Balanço de Pol Padrão, de acordo com a metodologia da COPERSUCAR e então avaliado o comportamento do coeficiente C dentro dos sistemas estudados. Os resultados obtidos suportam a seguintes conclusões: 1) A presença de impurezas na cana, como vegetal seca e o solo, promovem alterações nos parâmetros tecnológicos principalmente na Fibra % Cana, no Brix % Caldo, na Pol % Caldo, na Pol % Cana como também na Valorização Total, acarretando perda da Qualidade da Matéria-Prima, se considerada a Sistemática de Pagamento pelo Teor Sacarose; 2) A Valorização Total da Matéria-Prima pelo PCTS é superior à Valorização Padrão quando os teores de impurezas são menores que 2%, e inferior quando superiores a 6%; 3) O coeficiente C calculado pelo PCTS, não se correlaciona com o coeficiente C Padrão; 4) O Coeficiente C deve ser estimado também com base na Pol % Bagaço e não apenas em função do Peso do Bagaço Prensa (PBU).
Title in English
Effect of the impurities on the systematics of sugar cane payment according to the quality
Abstract in English
The objective of this work was to evaluate the behavior of the technological C Coefficient determined in sugar cane (Saccharum spp cv. NA 56-79) with different impurity levels (mineral and vegetal). The research was carried out in the "Departamento de Tecnologia, da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Campus de Jaboticabal - UNESP", and in the Quality Control Laboratory belonging to the "Usina São Carlos", placed at Jaboticabal country, São Paulo State, Brazil. It was used a randomized block design with a of factorial arrangement of treatments (8x4) with 14 replications for each soil type (clay and sand) being considered as factors the 8 impurities types: 1) Clean Cane (Control); 2) Clean Cane + Soil; 3) Clean Cane + Dry Vegetal Impurities (leaves, cane tops, etc.); 4) Clean Cane + Fresh Vegetal Impurities (leaves, cane tops, etc.); 5) Clean Cane + Dry Vegetal Impurities + Soil; 6) Clean Cane + Fresh Vegetal Impurities + Soil; 7) Clean Cane + Fresh and Dry Vegetal Impurities and 8) Clean Cane + Fresh and Dry Vegetal Impurities + Soil. Besides this were considered 4 impurities levels expressed in percentage 2, 4, 6 and 8% combined in a factorial way with the impurities type. All the factors were determined in the sugar-cane harvesting period between May up to November of the agricultural year 1986/1987. Were evaluated to determine the C Coefficient the following characteristics: 1) Brix % Juice, 2) Pol % Juice, 3) FWBP - (Fresh Weight Bagasse Pressed), 4) DWBP - (Dry Weight Bagasse Pressed), 5) Bagasse Moisture (%), 6) Juice Extracted (%), 7) Fiber % Cane - (Sugar Cane Payment According to Sucrose Content (S.P.S.C.), 8) Pol % Cane (S.P.S.C.), 9) Sugar Cane Payment (S.P.S.C.), 10) Agio and Discount (S.P.S.C.). From Fiber % cane up to Agio and Discount also were computed according to TANIMOTO (methodology). Besides to two systems (SPSC and TANIMOTO) was made a standard a Pol balance according to COPERSUCAR Methodology and then was evaluated the behavious of "C" coefficient for sucrose payment in the three system. According to the obtained data was concluded that: 1) The impurities (soil and dry vegetal trashes, presence in the technological characteristics such as in the Fiber % Cane, Brix % Juice, Pol % Juice, Pol % Cane, and also in the sugar cane payment, causes a decrease in the quality and discount in the raw material, in the Sugar Cane Payment according to Sucrose content (S.P.S.C.); 2) The Sugar Cane Payment by the S.P.S.C. was superior to the standard Sugar Cane Payment when the levels were lower to 2%, and superior to 6%; 3) There is no correlation between the calculated C coefficient and the standard C value; 4) The C coefficient should be estimated also based on the Pol % Bagasse and not only in function of the Fresh Weight Bagasse Pressed (F.W.D.P.).
 
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Publishing Date
2020-01-11
 
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