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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2020.tde-20200111-140422
Document
Author
Full name
Maria Anita Gonçalves da Silva
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1998
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Efeito do nitrogênio e potássio na produção e nutrição do pimentão em ambiente protegido
Keywords in Portuguese
ESTUFAS
NITROGÊNIO
NUTRIÇÃO VEGETAL
PIMENTÃO
POTÁSSIO
PRODUÇÃO
Abstract in Portuguese
Doses crescentes de N e K2O foram aplicadas em cobertura na cultura do pimentão, cultivado em ambiente protegido. Avaliou-se produção de matéria seca total, características de crescimento e produção dos frutos (peso, número de frutos por planta e por área, comprimento, diâmetro e rendimento), concentração foliar de nutrientes, no início do florescimento e frutificação, acúmulo de nutrientes e concentração de nutrientes remanescentes no solo, ao final do ciclo de cultivo. As doses de N de 26,6 g m-2 e K2O de 13,3 g m-2 proporcionaram melhor desenvolvimento vegetativo e produção de matéria seca da planta, maior número de frutos totais, assim como maior absorção de nutrientes pela planta. O N e K2O aplicados ao solo não influenciaram o número, o peso e o rendimento de frutos comerciais, assim como o seu comprimento e o diâmetro. Ao final do cultivo, após 39 semanas, os nutrientes mais absorvidos pela planta foram K, N e Ca e os nutrientes menos absorvidos foram Mg, P e S. A movimentação de cátions no solo, como o NH4+, K+, Ca2+ e Mg2+, ocorreu junto com a água de irrigação, embora concentraram- se mais até a profundidade de 20 cm. O N-NO3, por outro lado, concentrou-se mais de 20 a 40 cm no solo. O K2O, aplicado como KCI, em doses maiores que 13,3 g m-2, resultou em teor de K trocável maior que 3,0 mmolcdm -3, e foi prejudicial à produção de raízes, desenvolvimento da planta, absorção de nutrientes, produção, crescimento e rendimento dos frutos, provavelmente devido a um efeito salino do cloreto.
Title in English
Effect of nitrogen and potassium on the production and nutrition of sweet pepper grown at a protected environment
Abstract in English
Increasing rates of N and K2O were applied on the top of a sweet pepper crop grown at a protected environment submitted to trickle irrigation. The total dry matter production, yielding and growth characteristics of fruits (length and diameter), leaf concentration at early blooming and fructification, nutrient absorption, and nutrients remaining in the soil at the end of the crop cycle were evaluated. The 26.6 g m-2 rate for N and 13.3 g m-2 for K2O were the best for the production of total dry matter, number of total fruits per plant and per area as well as for a higher absorption of nutrients by the plant. Both N and K2O were applied onto the soil; however, neither affected the number, weight (production), and yield of commercial fruits, as well as the length and diameter of fruits. At the end of the cultivation, K, N, and Ca were the nutrients most absorbed by the plant, and Mg, P, and S were the least absorbed ones. N-NH4+, K+, Ca 2+, and Mg2+ moved within the soil along with the irrigation water, although in higher concentrations at a 20-cm depth. N-NO3, on the other hand, was concentrated especially in 20- to 40-cm depths. The potassium, applied as KCI, at rates higher than 13.3 g m-2 at concentrations in the soil over 3.0 mmocdm-3 was harmful to root production, plant development, absorption, fruit production and yielding, probably because of a saline effect of the chloride.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-01-11
 
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