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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.1981.tde-20210104-171730
Document
Author
Full name
José Maurício Fortes
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1974
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Efeito de épocas de plantio, pesos de mudas e espaçamentos sobre o peso dos frutos de abacaxi (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.), cultivar “Smooth Cayenne”, na zona da mata do Estado de Minas Gerais
Keywords in Portuguese
ABACAXI
ÉPOCA DE PLANTIO
ESPAÇAMENTO
MUDAS
PESO
ZONA DA MATA (MG)
Abstract in Portuguese
Este trabalho foi conduzido em área da Estação Experimental de Visconde do Rio Branco, Minas Gerais, na Zona da Mata Mineira, que tem condições climáticas muito favoráveis ao cultivo do abacaxizeiro. O objetivo foi determinar o comportamento da cultura do abacaxi “Smooth Cayenne” Ananas comosus (L.) Merr nessa região, verificando-se o efeito de épocas de plantio (chuvosa e seca), espaçamentos, diferentes pesos de mudas e teores de nutrientes das folhas “D” sobre o peso médio dos frutos. Determinou-se também, o efeito de épocas de colheita sobre brix médio, acidez média e relação brix/acidez dos frutos colhidos. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em parcela subdivididas, no delineamento em blocos casualizados, com 7 repetições e 12 plantas úteis por subparcelas. As plantas dispostas em fileiras duplas, sendo os tratamentos circundados por bordaduras. Decorridos doze meses do plantio da época seca, foi feita a coleta das folhas “D” e determinados os teores de N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S. A colheita dos frutos plantados na época chuvosa (20/11/72) foi feita de junho a agosto de 1974; a do plantio da época seca (20/04/73), de dezembro de1974 a fevereiro de, 1975. Foram determinados os pesos médios dos frutos e feitas as análises do suco para brix, acidez e relação média brix /acidez. Nas condições do trabalho, os frutos colhidos no verão, plantados na época seca, para o mercado externo e a indústria, apresentaram brix do suco satisfatório, acidez baixa e relação brix/acidez elevada. Para o consumo ao natural, no mercado interno, os frutos apresentaram bom paladar. Os frutos colhidos no inverno, plantados na época chuvosa, para o mercado externo e a indústria apresentaram brix do suco abaixo do satisfatório, acidez elevada e relação brix/acidez baixa. Os frutos eram ácidos para o consumo interno. Em nenhuma das duas épocas de plantios os espaçamentos influenciaram significativamente (P < 0,10) os pesos médios dos frutos. Os pesos de mudas influenciaram significativamente (P < 0,01 e 0,05) o aumento dos pesos médios dos frutos, em razão do crescente aumento dos pesos das mudas plantadas. Os teores de N, P e K da folha “D” não influenciaram significativamente (P < 0,10) e peso médio dos frutos, que, entretanto, sofreram o efeito significativo dos teores de Ca e Mg (P < 0,10) e S (P < 0,05). Além da influência significativa (P < 0,01) dos pesos das mudas sobre os pesos dos frutos colhidos, verificou-se também a influência (P < 0,01) das épocas de plantio (seca chuvosa).
Title in English
Not available
Keywords in English

Abstract in English
This research was conducted at the Experiment Station at Visconde do Rio Branco, Minas Gerais, a locale within the Zona da Mata (Deciduous Forest Region), where climatic conditions are very favorable for the of pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.). The objectives were to determine the responses of the pineapple cultivar ‘Smooth Cayenne’, grown in this region, to the effects of planting season (rainy or dry seasons), plant spacing, and different weights of the slips; and, the relationship between the nutrient levels in the “D” leaves and the average weight of the fruits. Determinations were also made on the relationships between brix, acidity, and brix/acidity ratio with respect to time of havest of the fruits.The experimental design was split-plot random block with 7 replications and 12 plants per plot. The plants were set in double rows surrounded by border plants. After 12 months, “D” leaves were collected from the dry season planting and analyzed for levels of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S. The fruits from the rainy season planting (20/11/1972) were harvested between June and August, 1974 (winter); and those, from the dry season planting (20/04/1973) were harvested from December, 1974 to February, 1975 (summer). Average fruit weight was determined as well as analyses of ratios of juice to brix, acitidy, and brix/acidity. The fruits harvested during the summer (i.e., from the dry season planting), for the external market and industry, had satisfactory levels of brix of the juice, low acidity, and elevator brix/acidity. For local consumption, the fruits had a very good flavor. Fruits harvested during the winter (i.e., from the rainy season planting) for the external market and industry, were below the satisfactory level in brix of the juice, had an elevated acidity, and the brix/acidity relationship was low.Theses fruits were sour to the local consumer. In neither of the two planting seasons did spacing influence significantly (P < 0,10) the average frui weight. The weight of the slips had a significant effect (P < 0,01 e 0,05) on the increase in fruit weights by reason of the increased growth of the heavier slips. The levels of N, P and K in the “D” leaf were not correlated significantly (P < 0,10) with the average frui weight; however, the correlations was significant for the levels of Ca and Mg (P < 0,10) and for S (P < 0,05). The most significant factors influencing the weight of harvested früts were the weight of the slips (P < 0,01) and the planting season (P < 0,01).
 
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Publishing Date
2021-01-07
 
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