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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.1983.tde-20210104-180655
Document
Author
Full name
Heroldo Weber
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1983
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Fontes e doses de sódio no crescimento e na concentração de nutrientes em cultivares de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp)
Keywords in Portuguese
CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR
CRESCIMENTO VEGETAL
SÓDIO
TEOR DE NUTRENTES
VARIEDADES VEGETAIS
Abstract in Portuguese
Mudas de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum .spp), das cultivares CB45-3, RB70194, RB725828, NA56-79 e CP51-22, foram transplantadas para recipientes contendo solução nutritiva (15 litros), recebendo doses de 0,69, 138, 207 e 276ppm de sódio, fornecido na forma de sulfato e cloreto, com os objetivos de: (a) verificar a influência de fontes de sódio no crescimento inicial das cultivares, através da produção de matéria seca; (b) determinar o efeito dos sais de sódio (Na2SO4 e NaCl) sobre a concentração de nutrientes nas folhas, e, (c) observar diferenças no comportamento das cultivares. Oitenta dias após o transplante, as plantas foram coletadas e separadas em: raízes, colmos + bainhas e folhas. Determinaram-se as produções de matéria seca das partes e as concentrações de macro e micronutrientes, nas folhas, exceto Cl e Mo. Foram obtidas equações de regressão, através de dados calculados, de produção de matéria seca de raízes, colmos + bainhas e lâminas, e das concentrações de nutrientes nas folhas, em função da fonte e dose de sódio. - Ambas as formas, sulfato de sódio e cloreto de sódio, foram prejudiciais para o crescimento inicial das cultivares de cana-de-açúcar: CB45-3, RB70194, RB725828, NA 56-79 e CP51-22, evidenciando o efeito tóxico do íon especifico, sódio. - As cultivares apresentaram, entre si, comportamento diferenciado. - Não foi possível avaliar de maneira genérica os efeitos das fontes de sódio, uma vez que, os mesmos foram pro­ dutos de interações com dosagens e cultivares. - O sulfato de sódio apresentou, em determinadas faixas de concentrações e cultivares, efeitos benéficos sobre a produção de matéria seca e a concentração de nutrientes. - Independente da forma, sulfato ou cloreto, te ores de sódio, na solução, superiores a 200ppm, em média, afetaram negativamente a acumulação de matéria seca das colmos e folhas. - Os sais, sulfato e cloreto de sódio, provocaram nos teores de macro e micronutrientes nas folhas das cultivares efeitos predominantes no sentido de:

Cultivar

Na2SO4

NaCl

Na2SO4

NaCl

 

Acréscimos nos teores

Decréscimos nos teores

CB45-3

K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,Zn

K,Mg,B,Mn,Zn

P

N,P,Ca,S

RB70194

N,P

P,K,B,Fe,Mn,Zn

K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,Zn

Mg,S

RB725828

N,K,Ca,Mg

P,K,Mg,B,Fe,Mn,Zn

P,Mn

N,S

NA56-79

Mn

P,Mg,B,Mn

P ,K,Ca,Fe,Zn

N,Ca,S

CP51-22

N,Fe,Mn,Zn

P,B,Mn

P,Ca

N,Ca,Mg,S

 

 

 

 

 

Title in English
Sources and dosages of sodium in sugarcane (Saccharum spp) growth and in nutrient concentration
Keywords in English

Abstract in English
Sugarcane (Saccharum spp) cuttings of cultivars CB45-3, RB70194, RB725828, NA56-79 and CPSl-22 were transplanted to recipients containing nutritive solution (15 liters) to which O, 69, 138, 207, and 276 ppm sodium {in the forro of sulphate and c hloride) were added. The objectives of this trial were: (a) to assess the influence of sodium sources on the initial growth of each cultivar, through production of dry matter; (b) to determine the effect of sodium salts (Na2SO4 e NaCl) on nutrient concentration in leaves; (c) to observe differences in behavior of the cultivars. Eighty days after transplant, the plants were collected and separated into: roots, stalks + sheaths, and leaves (blades). Dry matter production of the various parts and macro- and micro- nutrients (except chloride and nolibedenium) concentrations in leaves were determined. Regression equations were obtained through data calculated on dry matter production from roots, stalks + sheaths, and leaves, as a function of sodium source and dosage. The results show that: - Both forms - sodium sulphate and chloride - impaired the initial growth of sugarcane cultivars CB45-3, RB70194, RB725828, NA56-79 and CP51-22, showing the toxic effect of the specific ion, sodium. - The various cultivars exhibited different behaviors. - It was not possible to make an overall assessment of the effect of sodium sources, since these were products of dosage and cultivar interactions. - For certain concentration ranges and cultivars, sodium sulphate brought about beneficial effects on dry matter production and nutrient concentration. - Sodium contents (regardless of the form, sulphate or chloride) above an average of 200 ppm in the solution exerted a negative effect on dry matter accumulation in roots, stalks and leaves. - The salts - sodium sulphate and chloride - exerted the following predominant effects on macro- and micronutrient content in cultivar leaves:

Cultivar

Na2SO4

NaCl

Na2SO4

NaCl

 

Increases in contentes

Decreases in contentes

CB45-3

K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,Zn

K,Mg,B,Mn,Zn

P

N,P,Ca,S

RB70194

N,P

P,K,B,Fe,Mn,Zn

K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,Zn

Mg,S

RB725828

N,K,Ca,Mg

P,K,Mg,B,Fe,Mn,Zn

P,Mn

N,S

NA56-79

Mn

P,Mg,B,Mn

P ,K,Ca,Fe,Zn

N,Ca,S

CP51-22

N,Fe,Mn,Zn

P,B,Mn

P,Ca

N,Ca,Mg,S

 

 

 

 

 

 
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