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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.1989.tde-20210104-184837
Document
Author
Full name
Nilton Tocicazu Higa
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1989
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Caracterização das fases sólida e líquida de solos e arenas derivados do granito sob floresta tropical amazônica (Terra Nova do Norte - MT)
Keywords in Portuguese
AMAZÔNIA
CARACTERIZAÇÃO
SOLO FLORESTAL
Abstract in Portuguese
Com o objetivo de caracterizar as fases sólida e líquida das arenas e solos derivados do granito sob floresta tropical amazônica da região da Serra Formosa no município de Terra Nova do Norte, Norte do Estado de Mato Grosso, foram coletadas, em duas topossequências, amostras de solos e arenas de cambissolos desenvolvidos “in situ”. Uma parte das amostras foi submetida à prensagem num cilindro de compressão para a extração da solução do solo. As análises da fase sólida permitiram identificar que esses solos são distróficos, e com teores de até 65,5% de areia. Os difratogramas de raios - X denotam que a mineralogia da fração argila é dominantemente constituída pela caolinita, seguida pela gibbsita, mica e quartzo. As análises micromorfológicas permitiram identificar a presença de minerais primários alteráveis como a microclina, plagioclásio e a biotita, desde os horizontes superficiais desses solos caracterizando-os como cambissolos. As análises da fase líquida denotam que as soluções são ricas em cátions mono e bivalentes, conferindo valores de pH neutro nos horizontes superficiais ligeiramente alcalino nos horizontes mais profundos. Altos teores de nitrato na solução dos horizontes superficiais refletem alta taxa na mineralização da matéria orgânica constantemente depositada no solo. A distribuição em profundidade dos teores dos íons na solução dos solos e arenas, demonstra a atividade da biomassa microbiana nos superficiais e a ação do intemperismo do material de origem nos horizontes mais profundos. As médias por perfil, dos teores SO4-2, Si+4, Al+3, Fe+3 refletem suas migrações promovidas pelo fluxo lateral da água. Os maiores teores de Na+ e K+ na solução do perfil NA1, denotam o fornecimento ativo desses íons a partir da alteração dos feldspatos do granito subjacente. Os diagramas de estabilidade dos minerais denotam que as concentrações de Ca+2, K+, Na+, SiO2 e valores de pH das soluções (a 25°C e 1 atm), propiciam a neoformação de minerais que se concentram na zona de estabilidade da caolinita com alguma tendência à zona de estabilidade da gibbsita.
Title in English
Characterization of solid and liquid phases of soils and arenas derived from granite under Amazon tropical forest (Terra Nova do Norte - MT)
Keywords in English

Abstract in English
With the objective of characterizing the liquid and solid phases of "arenas" and soils derived from granite under Amazon tropical forest of "Serra Formosa", on Terra Nova do Norte municipality, north of State of Mnto Grosso - Brasil, soil and "arena" samples were collected from two toposequencies of cambisols developed "in situ". Part of the samples was submitted to compressions in a cylinder for solution extraction. The analysis of solid phase data showed that soils are distrophic and with sand contents up to 65,5%. X-ray difractograms indicate that the mineralogy of the clay fraction is dominantly constituted of kaolinite, followed by gibbsite, mica and quartz. Micromorphological analysis showed the presence of alterable primary minerals such as microcline, plagioclase and biotite, even at the superficial horizons of these soils, characterizing them as cambisols. Analysis of the liquid phase indicated that the solutions were rich in mono and divalent cations, determining neutral values of pH in superficial horizons and slightly alkaline in deeper horizons. High nitrate contents in soil solution of superficial layers reflected the high mineralization rate of organic matter, which is constantly deposited on the soil. The distribution in depth of the ion contents in soli and "arena" solution, demonstrated the microbial biomass activity of superficial horizons and the action of original material weathering in deeper layers. The profile averages of SO4-2, Si+4, Al+3, Fe+3 ions reflect their migrations promoted by lateral water flow. The greater contents of Na+ and K+ in the solution of NA1 profile, show the active feeding of these ions from the alteration of subjacent granite feldspate. The stability diagrams of the minerals indicate that concentrations of Ca+2, K+, Na+, SiO2 and pH values of solutions (at 25°C and 1 atm) promote the development of minerals that are found in the kaolinite stability zone, with some tendency to the gibbsite stability zone.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-01-07
 
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