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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.1986.tde-20220207-214242
Document
Author
Full name
Helena de Freitas Oliveira
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1986
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Eficiência da resina trocadora de íons e de extratores químicos para fósforo, comparados através da resposta biológica do painço (Panicum miliaceum)
Keywords in Portuguese
EXTRATORES QUÍMICOS
FÓSFORO
NUTRIÇÃO VEGETAL
PAINÇO
RESINA DE TROCA IÔNICA
Abstract in Portuguese
Foi conduzido um experimento em casa de vegetação utilizando painço (Panicum miliaceum) cultivado em Latossolo Ver melho Amarelo (LVA) fase arenosa, série Paredão Vermelho (Orthic Rodochrult} e em Latossolo Vermelho Escuro (LVE) orto, série Guamium (Orthic Haplacrox) de Piracicaba, São Paulo, para comparar a eficiência dos extratores de fósforo: resina trocadora de íons, ácido sulfúrico (H2SO4 0,05N) e solução de Mehlich (H2SO4 0,025 N + HCl 0,05N). Os tratamentos incluíram uma testemunha e três fontes de P: fosfato monoamônico (MAP), superfosfato triplo (ST) e fosfato natural "Alvorada" (FN), aplicados nas doses de 50, 100, 150 e 200 ppm de P. As avaliações de P através dos três extratores foram efetuadas após 15 dias da incubação dos latossolos com os fertilizantes e após a colheita do painço com um ciclo de 40 dias. Para cada fonte de fosfato foi observada uma alta correlação (r > ± 0,95) entre os teores de P extraído pelos três processos e os parâmetros, P absorvido (%) e P acumulado (mg/vaso), relativos a parte aérea do painço. Os extratores mostraram a seguinte ordem de extração média: Mehlich > resina > H2SO4 para o LVA; resina > Mehlich ⪞ H2SO4 para o LVE. Considerando as fontes fosfatadas em conjunto, comprovou-se a diferença de comportamento entre os extratores. As correlações P extraído x P absorvido e P extraído x P acumulado foram significativas para a resina, mas, não para os extratores químicos. Os coeficientes de determinação obtidos para a resina foram altos (r2 = 88%) no LVA e médios (r2 ≥ 72%) no LVE. A resina foi mais eficiente que os extratores químicos empregados porque correlacionou melhor com a resposta biológica do painço à adição de fosfatos, f oi mais versátil para os diferentes solos, mais estável e capaz de predizer a absorção de P pelas plantas, sendo muito útil para as recomendações de fertilizantes fosfatados.
Title in English
Efficiency of ion exchange resin and chemical phosphorus extractants evaluated by biological response of millet (Panicum miliaceum)
Abstract in English
A greenhouse experiment with millet (Panicum miliaceum) was carried out in two latosols, LVA (Orthic Rodochrult) .and LVE (Orthic Haplacrox) from Piracicaba, São Paulo, in order to compare the efficiency of three P extractants: ion exchange resin, sulphuric acid (H2SO4 0,05N) and Mehlich solution (H2SO4 0,025N + HCl 0,05N). Treatments included a control and three phosphate sources: monoammonium phosphate (MAP) triple superphosphate (ST) and "Alvorada" rock phosphate (FN), applied at the rates of 50, 100, 150 and 200 ppm P. Phosphorus was extracted by resin and chemical extractants after the incubation of soils with fertilizers (15 days) and after harvest of the millet (40 days cycle). P extractable was highly correlated (r > ± 0,95) with P uptake and P accumulation (mg/pot). The extractants employed showed the following decreasing orders of average extraction: Mehlich > H2SO4 resin, to the LVA soil; resin > Mehlich - H2SO4 to LVE soil. Through the phosphate sources all together, the difference in behavior of extractants was ratified. To the resin the correlations P extractable x P uptake and P extractable x P accumulation were significant, however the same was not true to the chemical extractants. The determination coefficients were high (r2 = 88%) to the LVA soil and medium (r2 ≥ 72%) to the LVE soil. The resin was the most efficient extractant used because it correlated better with the biological response of millet to phosphate; it was more versatile than the other extractants, for different soils; and it was able to predict P uptake by plants, being very useful to recommend phosphate fertilizers.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-02-07
 
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