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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.1980.tde-20230818-145321
Document
Author
Full name
Antonio Roque Dechen
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1980
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Cálcio no desenvolvimento do tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum, Mill)
Keywords in Portuguese
CÁLCIO
DESENVOLVIMENTO VEGETAL
NUTRIÇÃO VEGETAL
TOMATE
Abstract in Portuguese
Plantas de tomateiro (Lycopersicum esculentum, Mill), da variedade Santa Cruz, linhagens Samano e Kada, foram cultivadas em sílica, recebendo soluções nutritivas com doses de 0ppm, 50ppm, 100ppm, 200ppm e 400ppm de cálcio, com os objetivos de: (a) aquilatar o efeito do cálcio no desenvolvimento do tomateiro; (b) identificar e padronizar os sintomas de carência e excesso de cálcio; (c) verificar em que doses de cálcio ocorre a podridão estilar; (d) determinar o efeito do cálcio nas concentrações dos nutrientes na planta, e, (e) verificar diferenças no comportamento das linhagens Samano e Kada. Noventa dias após o transplante, as plantas foram coletadas e separadas em: folhas inferiores, caules inferiores, folhas superiores, caules superiores e frutos. No material coletado foram determinados os teores dos macros e micronutrientes, com exceção do cloro e molibdênio. Curvas representativas da altura e peso da matéria seca das plantas e das concentrações dos nutrientes nas partes das mesmas em função das doses de cálcio, foram obtidas a partir dos dados calculados através de equações de regressão. Os resultados mostraram que: - as concentrações de cálcio na solução nutritiva que propiciam máximo acúmulo de matéria seca, são 388ppm e 400ppm para as linhagens Kada e Samano; - a carência de cálcio foi caracterizada de forma nítida, não tendo sido possível, no entanto, a identificação morfológica de excesso desse nutriente; - para a linhagem Samano é necessária maior concentração de cálcio na solução (200ppm) do que para a linhagem Kada (100ppm), para prevenir o aparecimento de sintomas de podridão estilar; - a concentração de cálcio na solução não afeta a concentração desse elemento nos frutos; - a adição de cálcio na solução nutritiva diminui os teores de nitrogênio e zinco e aumenta o de cálcio nos tecidos de ambas as linhagens; - as concentrações dos demais nutrientes diferem nas linhagens e nas partes analisadas. Adições de cálcio provocam aumento na concentração de magnésio nas folhas e na parte superior do caule na linhagem Samano e diminuição em todas as partes da linhagem Kada.
Title in English
Calcium and tomato growth
Abstract in English
Young tomatoes plants (Lycopersicum esculentum, Mill) ‘Santa Cruz’, lineages Kada and Samano were cultivated in culture solutions with different calcium concentrations (0ppm, 50ppm, 100ppm, 200ppm e 400ppm Ca) with the following purposes: 1. to study the calcium effects on the tomato plant growth, 2. to identify symptoms of calcium deficiency and of plenty calcium supply, 3. to correlate calcium supply and blossom-end rot, 4. to correlate calcium supply and the nutrients concentrations in the tomato plant, 5. to reveal nutritional differences between the lineages. Ninety days after started the different treatments, the plants were collected and separated into old leaves, new leaves, lower part of the stem, superior part of the stem and fruits. The plant material was dried and analysed for macro and micronutrients, excepting for chlorine and molybdenum. The main conclusions were: - the greatest dried matter production was obtained by the supply of 388ppm of calcium in the culture solution for the Kada lineage and 400ppm of calcium for Samano lineage; - indeed calcium deficiency was obtained, but not symptoms by a plenty calcium supply; - it is necessary for the lineage Samano a higher concentration of calcium in the culture solution (200ppm) than for the lineage Kada (100ppm) in order to prevent the appearance of blossom-end rot; - the fruit’s calcium concentration is not affected by the calcium concentration in the nutrient culture; - the calcium add in the culture solution decreased the nitrogen and zinc concentrations and increase the calcium concentration in both lineage parts; - the concentration of the others nutrients presented differences in the lineage and in the analysed parts; - concentration of calcium in the culture solution brings an increased improvement in the magnesium concentration in the leaves and in the superior part of the stem of the lineage Samano, while in the parts of lineage Kada it was observed the decrease of magnesium concentration.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-08-18
 
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