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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2019.tde-20190821-120528
Document
Author
Full name
Gilmar Bertoloti
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1986
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Comportamento de clones de Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex. Maiden em solo podzólico vermelho escuro e areia quartzosa álica em Lençóis Paulista, SP
Keywords in Portuguese
CLONES
EUCALIPTO
SEMENTES
SOLOS
VARIAÇÃO GENÉTICA
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente estudo foi desenvolvido em dois solos com diferentes fertilidades caracterizados como Podzólico Vermelho Escuro ( P V E ) e Areia Quartzosa Álica (AQ), localizados na região de Lençois Paulista - SP em áreas da DURATEX FLORESTAL S.A. Os dois locais apresentam semelhanças quanto às características climáticas. O estudo objetivou: a) observar a variação genética entre clones de E. grandis propagados por estaquia; b) verificar a interação e clones x solos com diferentes fertilidades; c) comparar o comportamento silvicultural de clones e material propagado por sementes com diferentes graus de melhoria genética; d) avaliar o efeito da competição entre árvores em parcelas monoclonais e misturas de clones. Foram testados 16 tratamentos, distribuídos em blocos ao acaso com três repetições, em parcelas de 36 plantas e espaçamento de 3,0 m x 3,0 m. Os tratamentos estudados foram: - Parcelas monoclonais de oito clones constituídos por plantas propagadas por estaquia (8 tratamentos). Parcelas multiclonais constituídas por plantas dos oito clones, propagados por estaquia. Os oito clones foram distribuídos ao acaso na parcela (3 tratamentos). - Parcelas constituídas por plantas produzidas por sementes de pomar clonal propagado por enxertia (2 tratamentos). - Parcelas constituídas por plantas produzidas por sementes das oito árvores selecionadas (matrizes), de cujas touças retiraram-se as estacas (2 tratamentos).- Parcelas constituídas por plantas originárias de sementes de E. grandis , ex África do Sul, e colhidas em povoamentos comerciais da DURATEX FLORESTAL S.A. em Lençóis Paulista - SP. Os resultados e conclusões da avaliação aos 24 meses foram: a) a produtividade média no PVE (126,29 m3 sólidos /ha), foi 57,32 m3 /ha superior (83%) à media de produtividade da AQ (68,97m3 /ha); b) os materiais propagados via semente apresentaram melhores resultados para pomar clonal, vindo a seguir as sementes de matrizes e por último as sementes comerciais. O material propagado por estaquia não correspondeu à expectativa teórica; c) As parcelas multiclonais apresentaram desenvolvimento superior as parcelas monoclonais, principalmente no PVE, onde a superioridade foi de 8,1% em volume; d) houve variação genética entre clones nos dois solos testados; e) a interação dos dois materiais genéticos com os dois solos mostrou-se pouco expressiva, com comportamento semelhante dos mesmos nos dois solos; f) as estimativas de ganhos genéticos reais foram inferiores as teoricamente esperadas; g) os materiais genéticos mostraram variações nas concentrações de nutrientes em suas folhas
Title in English
Clonal performance of Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex. Maiden in dark red podzolic and aluminous quartzous sand soil in Lençóis Paulista SP
Abstract in English
The objectives of this work were: a) to observe the genetic variation among clones of Eucalyptus grandis produced by cutting; b) to verify the interaction of clones x soils with different fertility leveIs; c) to compare the silvicultural performance of clones produced by cutting and trees produced from seeds with different genetic improvement leveIs; and d) to evaluate the compettional effect among trees in monoclonal and multiclonal plots. The trials were established in two soils with different fertility levels and characterized as dark red podzolic (PVE) and aluminous quartzous sand (AQ) under similar climatic conditions in the region of Lençóis Paulista - SP. The trials were set up in a randomized block design with 16 trataments and three replications uti1izing 36 trees in spacings of 3,0 x 3,0 m plots. The treatments were as floows: 1. Eight treatments with different monoclonal plots consisting of trees propagated by cutting; 2. Three treatments with multiclonal plots. Each plot consisted of a misture of the 8 clónes propagated by cutting; 3. Two treatments with plots consisting of trees propagated by seeds from a cIonaI seed orchad established by grafting; 4. Two treatments with plots consisting of trees propagated by seeds from 8 selected trees that gave origin to the 8 clones; 5. One treatment with plots consisting of trees propagated by seeds collected from commercial stands of E. grandis (ex South Afríca) in Lençóis Paulista - SP. The analysis of the results from evaluations made at 24 months of age allowed the following conclusions: a) The mean production for the PVE soil (126,29 m3/ha) was 83% (57,32 m3/ha) higher than that for the QA soil (68,97 m3/ha). b) Trees propagated by seeds showed higher productions than those propagated by cutting. In this case, the highest production was obtained by trees propagated by seeds from the clonal seed orchard, followed by those from selected trees and the last, those from commercial stands; c) The treatments with multiclonal plots showed a higher production than those with monoclonal plots. In the PVE soil, the production in volume for the multiclonal plots was 8,1% higher than that for the monoclonal plots; d) Genetic variations among clones were detected in the two soils tested; e) The interaction of the two types of genetic material (clones and seeds) with the two soils showed little expression with similar performance in both soils; f) The estimates for the observed genetic gains were lower to those theotetically expected; g) The genetic material utilized showed variation in the leaf mineral nutrient content
 
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Publishing Date
2019-08-22
 
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