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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2015.tde-13032015-083636
Document
Author
Full name
Mateus Tonelli
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2015
Supervisor
Committee
Bento, José Maurício Simões (President)
Godoy, Wesley Augusto Conde
Nardi, Cristiane
Title in Portuguese
Resposta de nematoides entomopatogênicos aos voláteis radiculares de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.) sob herbivoria de ninfas de Mahanarva fimbriolata (Stål) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae)
Keywords in Portuguese
Busca hospedeira
Cigarrinha-das-raízes
Relações tritróficas
Semioquímicos
Abstract in Portuguese
As respostas dos nematoides entomopatogênicos, Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) e Heterorhabditis indica (Poinar, Jackson e Klein), aos voláteis emitidos por raízes de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.) danificadas ou não danificadas por ninfas da cigarrinha-da-raiz, Mahanarva fimbriolata (Stål), foram estudadas em laboratório. Plantas de cana-de-açúcar foram transplantadas para câmaras laterais do olfatômetro de seis vias e submetidas ou não a herbivoria por M. fimbriolata. Cerca de 10000 nematoides entomopatogênicos foram liberados na câmara central do olfatômetro e após 24 horas os nematoides foram contabilizados em cada câmara lateral do dispositivo. Raízes de plantas previamente danificadas ou não danificadas por M. fimbriolata foram destacadas das plantas, congeladas com nitrogênio liquido e maceradas. O material foi então aerado por 8 horas para a coleta dos voláteis. O perfil dos voláteis dos extratos naturais foi analisado em um cromatógrafo gasoso acoplado a um espectrômetro de massas (GC-MS). Os nematoides de ambas as espécies foram atraídos pelos voláteis radiculares de plantas danificadas pela cigarrinha-das-raízes, em contraste com plantas não danificadas e areia umedecida (controle). As análises em GC-MS revelaram que não houve diferença qualitativa no perfil de voláteis radiculares entre os tratamentos. Por outro lado, dos 11 compostos presentes nas raízes não danificadas, di-hidro mircenol e Beta isso metioneno reduziram, significativamente, sua concentração após o ataque de M. fimbriolata. Estes resultados sugerem que o recrutamento de nematoides entomopatogênicos neste sistema pode ter sido influenciado pela diminuição da concentração destes dois compostos radiculares nas plantas sob herbivoria.
Title in English
Response of entomopathogenic nematodes to sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) root volatiles under herbivory by nymphs of Mahanarva fimbriolata (Stål) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae)
Keywords in English
Host search
Semiochemicals
Sugarcane spittlebug
Tritrophic relationship
Abstract in English
The responses of entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) and Heterorhabditis indica (Poinar, Jackson e Klein), to volatiles emitted by sugar cane roots damaged or undamaged by Mahanarva fimbriolata (Stål) nymphs, were investigated under laboratory conditions. Thus, sugarcane plants damaged or undamaged by M. fimbriolata were transplanted to lateral arms of six arm olfactometer. Approximately 10000 entomopathogenic nematodes were released in the central chamber of the olfactometer and after 24 hours, the nematodes were counted in each arm. Roots of previously damaged or undamaged plants were detached, frozen with liquid nitrogen and macerated. The material was then aerated for 8 hours to collect volatiles. The volatiles profile was analyzed by a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. Most nematodes of both species moved to plants that had been previously damaged over undamaged plants, and there was no significant difference in the choice of undamaged plant and only moisted sand. The GC-MS analyzes showed no qualitative difference between the root treatments volatiles profile. In both treatments, the same 11 compounds were found. Although, two compounds, dihydro myrcenol and Beta-iso-methionene, showed quantitative difference between treatments, observing greater production in undamaged plants, i.e. herbivory caused reduction in tested sugar cane roots volatiles releasing. These data provide new information about the tritrophic relationships occurring in the soil which, in the future, can be used in order to develop field management for M. fimbriolata.
 
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Mateus_Tonelli.pdf (1.53 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2015-04-09
 
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