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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2019.tde-20190821-120019
Document
Author
Full name
Francisco Badilla Fernandéz
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1989
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Controle microbiano do gorgulho da cana-de-açúcar Sphenophorus levis Vaurie, 1978 (Col.: Curculionidae) com Beauveria spp. e Metarhiziun anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin, 1883
Keywords in Portuguese
CONTROLE BIOLÓGICO
FUNGOS ENTOMOPATOGÊNICOS
GORGULHO-DA-CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR
Abstract in Portuguese
Os objetivos deste estudo foram determinar as dosagens e selecionar isolados de Beauveria spp. e Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin, 1883, assim como desenvolver uma metodologia visando ao controle do Sphenophorus levis Vaurie, 1978. A pesquisa foi realizada no Laboratório de Patologia de Insetos do Departamento de Entomologia da ESALQ/USP e na Fazenda Retiro da Usina Santa Helena, em Piracicaba, SP. Foram testadas 4 dosagens do isolado 447 de B. bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. Para a realização deste bioensaio, os insetos adultos foram colocados juntamente com cada uma das dosagens do patógeno em um frasco de vidro de 500 ml e agitados por 2 minutos, sendo posteriormente retirados e mantidos em estufa incubadora, sob a temperatura de 26 ± 0,5°C e fotofase de 12 horas. Determinou-se a dose letal (DL50) de 8,8 x 10 conídios/frasco. Todavia a dosagem de 8 x 1011 conídios/frasco, foi utilizada nos bioensaios, visando selecionar os melhores isolados. Utilizando esta metodologia avaliaram-se 7 isolados de Beauveria spp. e 7 de M. anisopliae. Os 3 melhores isolados, de cada gênero do patógeno, foram submetidos a outro bioensaio, no qual utilizaram-se pedaços de cana-de-açúcar (iscas) tratadas com os fungos. A seleção dos isolados foi feita utilizando-se as seguintes variáveis: porcentagem de mortalidade, número de conídios produzidos por inseto, tempo letal (TL 50) e Potência Relativa para matar o hospedeiro. Os isolados 447 de B. bassiana e 259 de M. anisopliae foram selecionados para os testes de campo, por apresentarem as melhores características epizootiológicas. Nestas condições, na dosagem de 4,9 x 1011 conídios de B. bassiana e M. anisopliae por pedaço de cana-de-açúcar tratado (25 cm de comprimento), obtiveram-se respectivamente, 92,3 e 46,5% de mortalidade dos adultos de S. levis. As iscas de cana-de-açúcar, inoculadas com B. bassiana e M. anisopliae foram eficientes para o controle de adultos de S. levis e a sua atratividade não foi afetada pelos patógenos.
Title in English
Microbial control of sugar cane weevil Sphenophorus levis Vaurie, 1978 (Col.: Curculionidae) with Beauveria spp. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin, 1883
Abstract in English
The objectives of this study were to determine dosages and select isolates of Beauveria spp. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin, 1883, and develop a methodology for control of Sphenophorus levis, Vaurie, 1978. The research was conducted in the Insect Pathology Laboratory in the Department of Entomology of ESALQ/USP and in the Farmer Retiro of the Usina Santa Helena in Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. Four dosages of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.)Vuill. isolate 447 were tested. For the bioassay, the adult insects were placed together in a 500 ml flask, the dosage of pathogen spores was added and the mixture was agitated for 2 minutes. Afterwards the insects were removed and maintained in chambers with a constant temperature of 26.0 ± 0.5°C and 12 hours photophase. It was determined that the lethal dose (LD50) 11 was 8.8 x 109 conidia/flask. However, a dosage of 8.0 x 1011conidia/flask was used for other bioassay to select the best isolates. Using this methodology 7 isolates of spp. and 7 of M. anisopliae were evaluated. The 3 best isolates of each genus of pathogen were subjected to another bioassay in which pieces of sugar cane baits treated with fungi were used. The selection of isolates was made using the following parameters: percent mortality, number of conidia produced per insect, lethal time (LT50) and relative potential to kill the host. The isolates of B. bassiana 447 and M. anisopliae 259 were selected for field tests because they showed the best epizootiological characteristics. Under these conditions a dos age of 4.9 x 1011 conidia of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae per piece of treated sugar cane (25 cm in length) yielded 92.3 and 46.5% of S. levis adult mortality respectively. The baits of pieces of sugar cane inoculated with B. bassiana and M. anisopliae were efficient for the control of adult S. levis and their attractiveness was not affected by the pathogens.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-08-22
 
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