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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2019.tde-20191218-155844
Document
Author
Full name
Teresinha Augusta Giustolin
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1991
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Efeito dos aleloquímicos 2-tridecanona e 2-undecanona, presentes em Lycopersicon spp., sobre a biologia da traça-do-tomateiro, Scrobipalpuloides absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lep., Gelechiidae)
Keywords in Portuguese
ALELOQUÍMICOS
CROMATOGRAFIA A GÁS
DIETA ARTIFICIAL
TOMATE
TRAÇA-DO-TOMATEIRO
Abstract in Portuguese
Estudou-se a biologia da traça-do-tomateiro, Scrobipalpuloides absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lep., Gelechiidae) em duas espécies de tomateiro (Lycopersicon hirsutum f. glabratum linhagem PI 134417 e Lycopersicon esculentum cultivar Santa Cruz Kada AG-373) e em dietas artificiais contendo diferentes concentrações dos aleloquímicos 2-undecanona (2-U) e 2-tridecanona (2-T). Para isso, inicialmente foram estabelecidas técnicas de criação do inseto: em dieta natural (folhas de tomateiro) para a comparação das duas espécies vegetais e em dieta artificial para a incorporação e avaliação do efeito de 2-U e 2-T. Determinou-se ainda uma técnica de extração e análise dos referidos aleloquímicos em cromatografia de fase gasosa, através da qual foram analisados 24 genótipos F1 (RG1) resultantes do cruzamento entre PI 134417 e a cultivar Tropicana (L. esculentum). Em relação a dieta natural, o melhor desenvolvimento do inseto foi obtido mantendo-se as lagartas em tubos de vidro (tampados com algodão), contendo folhas com o pecíolo envolvido por algodão umedecido. A dieta artificial mais adequada foi aquela à base de germe de trigo, caseína e levedura de cerveja. A linhagem PI 134417 afetou a biologia da traça, alongando o período de desenvolvimento, e reduzindo viabilidade larval, o peso das pupas, a fecundidade e a longevidades das fêmeas. A melhor recuperação dos alcalóides foi obtida com a extração através da exposição das folhas ao clorofórmio por 24 horas. Dentre os genótipos testados, os teores máximos de 2-U e 2-T foram 70 e 351ppm, respectivamente. Nas dietas contendo 2-T à 0,15 a 0,30% (associado ou não à 2-U), ocorreu 100% de mortalidade larval. O 2-U, à 0,03% estimulou o desenvolvimento da traça enquanto que à 0,06% provocou alta mortalidade larval, embora não tenha afetado os demais parâmetros biológicos do inseto
Title in English
Effect of allelochemics 2-tridecanone and 2-undecanone, from Lycopersicon spp., on the biology of the tomato leaf miner, Scrobipalpuloides absoluta (Meiryck, 1917> (Lep., Gelechiidae)
Abstract in English
This present resarch deals with the study of the biology of the tomato leafminer Scrobipalpuloides absoluta (Meyrick, 1917) (Lep., Gelechiidae) on two tomato species (Lycopersicon hirsutum f. glabratum acession PI 134417 and Lycopersicon esculentum cultivate Santa Cruz Kada AG-373) and on artificial diets containing different concentrations of the allelochemics 2-undecanone (2-U) and 2-tridecanone (2-T). Firstly, insects rearing techniques were established: on natural diet (tomato leaves) for comparisons between two plant species and on artificial diet for the incorporation and evaluation of the effects of the 2-U and 2-T. It. was also determined a tecnique of extration and analisys of these allelochemics using the gas chromatography technique through which 24 genotypes F1 (RC1) (PI 134417 x Tropicana (L. esculentum)] were analised. On the natural diet the best insect development was reached with larvae maintained in glass tubes (sealed with cotton) containing leaves with its petiole involved with moist cotton. The most adequate artificial diet was the one prepared with wheat germ, casein and brewer's yeast. The PI 134417 affected the biology of the leafminer, lengtening the development per-iod and reducing the larvae viability, the pupal weight, the female fecundity and longevity. The best recovery of the allelochemics was obtained with the extraction by the exposure of the leaves to chloroform for 24 hours. Among the tested genotypes the greatest concentration of 2-U and 2-T were 70 and 351ppm, respectively. The diets containing allelochemics at concentrations of 0,15 and 0,30% of 2-T (associated or not to 2-U), caused 100% of larval mortality. On the other hand, the 2-U at the concentration of 0,03% improved the leafminer development; once at 0,06% this allelochemic caused a high larval mortality, although the other biological parameters of the insect have not been affected
 
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Publishing Date
2019-12-19
 
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