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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2019.tde-20191218-180526
Document
Author
Full name
Fabiane Abreu Drummond
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2002
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Efeitos de alguns inseticidas no controle da lagarta Ascia monuste orseis (Godart, 1819) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) e na atividade do predador Allograpta sp. (Diptera: syrphidae) em brassicaceae
Keywords in Portuguese
BRASSICÁCEAS
CONTROLE
CURUQUERÊ
INSETICIDAS
INSETOS PREDADORES
LAGARTAS
PULGÃO
Abstract in Portuguese
As brassicáceas são freqüentemente atacadas por pragas, destacando-se, dentre elas, Ascia monuste orseis (Godart, 1819) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), cujas lagartas consomem as folhas com tal voracidade que podem levar à destruição da cultura. Juntamente com essa praga é comum a ocorrência de pulgões das espécies Brevicoryne brassicae e Lipaphis erysimi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) frequentemente atacados pelo predador Allograpta sp. (Diptera: Syrphidae). Esse predador é comumente encontrado alimentando-se de pulgões, praga que causa apreciáveis danos em brassicáceas (couve, couve-flor, brócolis, etc.), algumas representadas por folhas e/ou flores para consumo; por isso, deve-se evitar o uso de certos inseticidas que, além de deixarem resíduos tóxicos ao ser humano, constituem fontes de poluição ambiental. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo: 1) testar os efeitos da aplicação de alguns inseticidas considerados pouco tóxicos aos mamíferos, em dosagens adequadas, sobre as lagartas de A. monuste orseis e sobre as larvas do predador de afídeos Allograpta sp.; 2) observar se tais produtos podem afetar o predador Allograpta sp., geralmente presente na cultura sobre as populações de afídeos. O experimento foi realizado no Departamento de Entomologia, Fitopatologia e Zoologia Agrícola da Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" (ESALQ/USP), inicialmente, foi desenvolvida a biologia e a criação do predador Allograpta sp., dos pulgões Lipaphis erysimi ou Brevicoryne brassicae e da lagarta A. monuste orseis, em condições normais de laboratório. As lagartas e as larvas foram submetidas à contaminação de inseticidas seletivos ou pouco tóxicos aos mamíferos. Os produtos utilizados foram: abamectin (Vertimec), azadirachtina (Nim), methoxifenozide (Intrepid), tebufenozide (Mimic), diflubenzuron (Dimilin) e methoprene (Kabat), utilizando a metade da dosagem recomendada. O abamectin, diflubenzuron e azadirachtina foram eficazes no controle da praga e, ao mesmo tempo, seletivo ao predador. Observou-se que, no tratamento com abamectin, houve maior consumo de pulgões pelo predador, durante o seu desenvolvimento larval, sendo considerado o tratamento de melhor desempenho, devido ao aumento da predação de pulgões e também ao ciclo do predador, tornando-o mais eficaz no controle do pulgão
Title in English
Effect of some insecticides on the control of the Caterpillar Ascia monuste orseis (Godart, 1819) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) and on the activity of the predator Allograpta sp. (Diptera: Syrphldae) in brassicaceae
Abstract in English
The Brassicaceae are frequently attacked by several pests, standing out Ascia monuste orseis (Godart, 1819) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae), whose Caterpillars consumes the leaves with such voracity that can take to the destruction of the crop. Together with this pest it is common the occurrence of the aphids Brevicoryne brassicae and Lipaphis erysimi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) which are frequent1y attacked by the predator Allograpta sp. (Diptera: Syrphidae). This predator is commonly found feeding on aphids, which cause appreciable damage in brassicaceae (cabbage, cauliflower, broccolis, etc.), because leaves and/or flowers of brassicaceae are used for consumption; the use of some insecticide should be avoided. Besides the fact that insecticides leave toxic residues to the human being, they constitute sources of environmental pollution. The present work had as objective: 1) to test the effects of the application of some insecticides, considered slight1y toxic to the mammals, in appropriate dosages, on the Caterpillars of Ascia monuste orseis and on the predator of aphids, Allograpta sp.; 2) to observe which products can affect the predator Allograpta sp., generally present in the crop among the populations of aphids. The bioassay was realized in the Entomology Department in the College of Agriculture "Luiz de Queiroz" University of São Paulo. Initially, the biology and creation of the predator, aphids and caterpillars, were developed in laboratory conditions. The larvas and Caterpillars were contaminated by selectivity insecticides or slight toxic to mammals. The products utilized were: abamectin, diflubenzuron, azadirachtin, methoxyfenozide, tebufenozide and methoprene using the half of the recommended dose. Abamectin, diflubenzuron and azadirachtin were effective in the controI of the pest and, at the same time, selective to the predator. It was observed that, in the treatment with abamectin, there was larger consumption of aphids by the predator, during its larval development. Abamectin was considered the best treatment, because it increased the predation and also to the life cyc1e of the predator, turning it more effective in the controI of the aphid
 
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Publishing Date
2019-12-19
 
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