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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.2020.tde-20200111-145518
Document
Author
Full name
Paulo Eduardo Degrande
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1996
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Otimização e prática da metodologia da IOBC para avaliar o efeito de pesticidas sobre Trichogramma cacoeciae (Trichogrammatidae) e Chrysoperla carnea (Chrysopidae)
Keywords in Portuguese
CONTROLE BIOLÓGICO
CRISOPÍDEOS
EFEITO DE INSETICIDAS
INSETOS PARASITOIDES
INSETOS PREDADORES
TRICOGRAMATÍDEOS
Abstract in Portuguese
O trabalho teve por objetivo utilizar e aprimorar os métodos experimentais de laboratório para a avaliação do efeito de pesticidas sobre um parasitóide (T. cacoeciae) e um predador (C. carnea), obedecendo-se o programa de pesquisa proposto pela "International Organization for Biological and Integrated Control of Noxious Animals and Plants (IOBC), West Palaearctic Regional Section (WPRS)". Os testes com T. cacoeciae foram subdivididos em: a) experimentos com o estágio de vida mais vulnerável; b) experimentos com o estágio de vida menos vulnerável; c) experimentos de avaliação da duração da nocividade de pesticidas (persistência). Com C. carnea foram feitas exposições de larvas (estágio mais vulnerável) a um filme fresco e seco do pesticida. A mensuração do efeito total do(s) pesticida(s) foi obtida pela combinação dos efeitos do pesticida na mortalidade, reprodução e capacidade benéfica dos insetos. Quatro ‘Classes’ foram utilizadas para classificar os resultados. Conclui-se que: 1) os métodos de pesquisa da IOBC/WPRS visando os testes de seletividade de pesticidas mostram estabilidade de resultados, o que permite a adoção dos mesmos; 2) a reprodutibilidade dos experimentos tem uma dependência estreita da utilização de parâmetros experimentais padronizados; 3) T. cacoeciae e C. carneasão materiais biológicos adequados aos testes de seletividade preconizados pela IOBC/WPRS; 4) as melhorias feitas nos testes de seletividade, através deste trabalho, são sugeridas para maior praticidade, precisão e reprodutividade dos procedimentos
Title in English
Optimization and practice of the IOBC methodology to evaluate the effects of pesticides on Trichogramma cacoeciae (Trichogrammatidae) and Chrysoperla carnea (Chrysopidae)
Abstract in English
The objective of this work was to utilize and improve laboratory experimental methods to evaluate the effect of pesticides on a parasitoid (T. cacoeciae) and a predator (C. carnea) according with the research program proposed by the International Organization for BioIogical and lntegrated Control of Noxious Animals and Plants (IOBC), West Palaearctic Regional Section (WPRS). Tests with T. cacoeciae consisted of a) experiments with the most vulnerable life stage; b) experiments with the less vulnerable life stage; c) experiments of the duration of harmful activity of pesticides (persistence). Expositions of C. carnea Iarvae (most vulnerable stage) to fresh and dry films of pesticides were made. The assessment of the total effect of the pesticide was obtained by the combination of the pesticide effects on mortality, reproduction and beneficial capacity of the insects. Four ‘Categories’ were used to express the results. The conclusions are: 1) the research methods of IOBC/WPRS aiming at the tests of pesticide selectivity show stability of results, which allow their utilization; 2) the reproducibility of the experiments has a strong dependence of the utilization of standard experimental parameters: 3) T. cacoeciae and the C. carnea are adequate biological materials for the standard selectivity tests of IOBC/WPRS; 4) improvements of the achieved IOBC/WPRS selectivity tests are suggested for more practical, precise and reproductive procedures.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-01-11
 
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