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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.1997.tde-20210104-193239
Document
Author
Full name
Silvia Renata Siciliano Wilcken
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1997
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Reação de plantas ornamentais a espécies de Meloidogyne e Pratylenchus (Nemata: Tylenchoidea) e danos causados por Meloidogyne incognita raça 2 e M. javanica a cultivares de gladíolo
Keywords in Portuguese
DANOS
GLADÍOLO
NEMATOIDES- DAS-RAÍZES
NEMATÓIDES-DAS-GALHAS
PLANTAS ORNAMENTAIS
Abstract in Portuguese
Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo inicial caracterizar a reação de vinte e cinco espécies/cultivares de plantas ornamentais a quatro espécies de nematóides, Meloidogyne incognita raça 2, M. javanica, Pratylenchus brachyurus e P. coffeae. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em casa de vegetação com temperatura ajustada para não ultrapassar 30°C. Nos experimentos com M. incognita raça 2 e M javanica, utilizaram-se 5000 ovos/planta como inoculo. Para P. brachyurus e P. coffeae, foram utilizados 1000 e 2500 nematóides/planta, respectivamente. As avaliações foram feitas 60 dias após as inoculações. Nos ensaios com Meloidogyne spp, foram obtidos os índices de massas de ovos, os índices de galhas e os fatores reprodutivos dos nematoides em cada espécie vegetal. Baseando-se nesses resultados, as plantas ornamentais testadas foram classificadas em hospedeiras eficientes, hospedeiras pouco eficientes e hospedeiras não eficientes. Nos experimentos com Pratylenchus spp. baseou-se apenas no fator reprodutivo. As plantas consideradas hospedeiras eficientes de M incognita raça 2 foram: Gypsophila paniculata, Bellis perenis, Begonia rex, Calendula officinallis, Dahlia x pinnata, Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, Antirrhinum majus e Gladiolus sp. ‘Traderhon’, ‘Yester’ e ‘Red Beauty’. As hospedeiras pouco eficientes ou hospedeiras não eficientes foram Matthiola incana, Zinnia elegans , Papaver rhoeas, Dianthus barbatus, Limonium sinuatum, Chrysanthemum coronarium, Dracaena fragans, Tagetes patula, Cordilyne rerminalis, Strelitzia reginae, Dieffenbachia amoena, Gladiofus sp. ‘White Friendship’ e ‘Rose Friendship’, Rosa multiflora ‘Italiano Roxo’ e Rosa multiflora. Para M. .javanica, as plantas consideradas hospedeiras eficientes foram P. rhoeas, e·. C. officinalis, A. majus e Gladiolus sp. ‘Traderhom’, ‘Yester’, ‘Red Beauty’ e ‘Rose Friendship’·. As demais espécies/cultivares foram consideradas hospedeiras pouco eficientes ou hospedeiras não eficientes. Para P. brachyurus as plantas consideradas hospedeiras eficientes foram P. rhoeas, R. multiflora ‘Italiano Roxo’, A. majus, C. coronarium e D. barbatus. As demais plantas avaliadas foram consideradas hospedeiras não eficientes. Todas as plantas testadas para P. coffeae foram consideradas hospedeiras não eficientes. Também avaliaram-se os danos causados por M incognita raça 2 e M. javanica a cinco cultivares de gladíolo (Traderhom, Yester, Red Beauty, Rose Friendship e White Friendship ). Os níveis populacionais utilizados foram de zero, 1000, 4000 e 16000 ovos de M. incognita raça 2 por planta ou de zero, 1000, 4000, 16000 e 64000 ovos de M. javanica por planta. As avaliações de altura da planta, peso da matéria seca da parte aérea e do fator reprodutivo foram realizadas 90 dias após as inoculações. Os resultados mostraram que apenas a cultivar Traderhom sofreu danos significativos, quando inoculada com as maiores concentrações de ovos de ambas espécies de nematoides estudadas.
Title in English
Reaction of ornamental plants to Meloidogyne and Pratylenchus species (Nemata: Tylenchoidea) and damage caused by A. Jeloidogyne incognita race 2 and M. javanica to gladiolus Cultivars
Keywords in English

Abstract in English
This research dealt with the evaluation of the reaction of 25 ornamental plant species in relation to Meloidogyne incognita race 2, M. javanica, Pratylenchus brachyurus, and P. coffeae under greenhouse conditions. The initial inoculum for Meloidogyne species was 5000 eggs/plant, and for Pratylenchus brachyurus and P. coffeae were 1000 and 2500 nematodes/plant, respectively. Evaluations were realized 60 days after inoculation for all nematode species. For Meloidogyne spp., egg mass index, root gall index, and reproductive factor data were obtained. Based on these results, the tested plants were rated as efficient hosts, fair efficient hosts, or inefficient hosts. In Pratylenchus experiments, classification was based only on the reproductive factor. The efficient hosts to M incognita race 2 were: Gypsophila paniculata, Bellis perenis, Begonia rex, Calendula officinallis, Dahlia x pinnata, Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, Antirrhinum majus and Gladiolus sp. ‘Traderhom’, ‘Yester’, and ‘Red Beauty’. The fair efficient or inefficient hosts were Matthiola incana, Zinnia elegans, Papaver rhoeas, Dianthus barbatus, Limonium sinuatum, Chrysanthemum coronarium, Dracaena fragans, Tagetes patula, Cordilyne terminalis, Strelitzia reginae, Dieffenbachia amoena, Gladiolus sp.‘White Friendship’ and ‘Rose Friendship’, Rosa multiflora ‘Italiano Roxo’ and Rosa multiflora.For M. javanica, the efficient hosts were: P. rhoeas, C. officinalis, A. majus and Gladiolus sp. ‘Traderhorn’, ‘Yester’, ‘Red Beauty’, and ‘Rose Friendship’. The other ornamental plants were fair efficient hosts or inefficient hosts. P. rhoeas, R. multiflora ‘Italiano Roxo’, A. majus, C coronarium e D. barbatus were considered efficient hosts to P. brachyurus. The other ornamental plants were inefficient hosts. All plant species tested with P. coffeae were rated as inefficient hosts. ln the second part of the study, the damage caused by M. incognita race 2 or Ai javanica to five gladiolus cultivars (‘Traderhorn’, ‘Yester’, ‘Red Beauty’, ‘White Friendship’ and ‘Rose Friendship’) were evaluated. For M. incognita race 2, the following populational levels were used: 0; 1,000; 4,000; and 16,000 eggs/plant. For M. javanica, the levels used were the same plus an additional one, 64,000 eggs/plant. The plant height and top dry weight data, as well as the nematode reproductive factor values were determined 90 days after the inoculations. The results showed significant damage only on the cultivar Traderhorn, when the highest inoculum level of both Meloidogyne species were used.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-01-07
 
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