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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.1984.tde-20220207-192841
Document
Author
Full name
Alexandre Brito Pereira de Melo
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1984
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Biologia de Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, 1794) (Lepidoptera - Pyralidae) em diferentes temperaturas para determinação das exigências térmicas
Keywords in Portuguese
BIOLOGIA
BROCA-DA-CANA-DE-ACÚCAR
TEMPERATURA
Abstract in Portuguese
A biologia de Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, 1794) foi estudada em dieta artificial, em cinco temperaturas constantes (20, 22, 25, 30 e 32°C), visando fornecer subsídios para a criação massal em condições de laboratório, bem como determinar as exigências térmicas do inseto. As durações do período de incubação e da fase larval foram decrescentes com a elevação térmica sendo que houve um encurtamento da fase pupal, para ambos os sexos, com o aumento de temperatura na faixa de 20 a 30°C. A temperatura afetou o número de instares; as lagartas mantidas à 20 e 22°C, apresentaram sempre seis instares e aquelas criadas a 25, 30 e 32°C, 5 ou 6 instares. O peso de pupas, de ambos os sexos, foi menor à 32°C, sendo que em todas as temperaturas as pupas que deram origem a fêmeas foram mais pesadas do que aquelas que originaram machos. A longevidade de adultos foi decrescente com o aumento da temperatura na faixa de 20 a 30°C, sendo que em todas as condições experimentais as fêmeas viveram mais do que os machos. A temperatura não afetou o período de pré - oviposição, sendo que o número de posturas diminuiu com a elevação térmica. A temperatura de 20°C foi a mais adequada para oviposição sendo que a maior porcentagem de postura ocorreu entre o primeiro e quarto dias. O ciclo total do inseto decresceu com o incremento térmico, sendo a maior viabilidade obtida à 30°C. A temperatura de 30°C foi a mais adequada para manutenção de ovos, lagartas e pupas de D. saccharalis, sendo a de 32°C prejudicial ao normal desenvolvimento do inseto. A taxa liquida de reprodução (Ro) e a razão finita de aumento (λ) foram maiores à 20 e 30°C, respectivamente. As temperaturas bases foram de 11,2; 7,3; 10,6 e 7,1°C para as fases de ovo, lagarta, pupa e adulto, respectivamente, sendo as constantes térmicas das quatro fases (ovo, lagarta, pupa e adulto) 67,47; 516,96; 126,08 e 172,02 GD. Baseando-se nas exigências térmicas das diferentes fases evolutivas do inseto, estimou-se que a praga pode apresentar 5 gerações anuais completas nas localidades de Piracicaba, Ribeirão Preto, Jaú e Pindorama, no Estado de São Paulo.
Title in English
Biology of Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, 1794) (Lepidoptera-Pyralidae) under different temperatures for the determination of its thermal requirements
Abstract in English
The biology of Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius, 1794) was studied in the laboratory on an artificial diet and under five constant temperatures (20, 22, 25, 30 and 32°C).The objective of the study was to optimize the technique for mass rearing of D. saccharalis in the laboratory as well as to determine this insect's thermal requirements. The duration of the incubation period and the larval phase decreased with increasing temperatures, and the pupal phase was shortened, for both sexes, with increasing temperatures in the range from 20° to 30°C. The number of instars was affected by temperature: larvae maintained at 20° and 22°C always presented six instars, while those reared under 25, 30°, and 32°C presented 5 or 6 instars. Pupal weight was lower at 32°C for both sexes. Pupal weight of females was higher than that of males under all temperatures. Longevity of adults decreased with increasing temperatures in the range from 20° to 30°C. Female adults lived longer than males under all experimental conditions. Temperature did not affect the period of pre- oviposition. The number of egg - layings decreased with increasing temperatures. The most favorable temperature for egg - laying was 20°C, and the highest number of egg - layings occurred between the first and the fourth days. The insect's total life cycle decreased with increasing temperatures. The highest viability was obtained at 30°C. The most favorable temperature for maintaining D. saccharalis eggs, larvae and pupae was 30°C, while 32°C proved to be harmful for the insect's normal development. The net reproduction ratio (Ro) and the finite rate of increase (λ) were highest at 20°C and 30°C, respectively. Threshold temperatures for egg, larval, pupal and adult phases were 11.2, 7.3, 10.6, and 7.1°C, respectively, while the thermal requirements for the four phases (egg, larva, pupa and adult) were 67.47, 516.96, 126.08, and 172.02 degree days. Based on the thermal requirements of the insect's different biological phases, it was estimated that the pest can complete five generations per year in the localities of Piracicaba, Ribeirão Preto, Jaú and Pindorama, in the State of São Paulo, Brazil.
 
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Publishing Date
2022-02-07
 
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