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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.1986.tde-20231122-093232
Document
Author
Full name
Guillermo Sánchez Gutierrez
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1986
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Bioecologia de Anthonomus grandis Boheman, 1843 (Col.: Curculionidae) e seu controle com Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill.
Keywords in Portuguese
BICUDO-DO-ALGODOEIRO
BIOLOGIA
CONTROLE BIOLÓGICO
Abstract in Portuguese
Os objetivos deste trabalho foram estudar a biologia do Anthonomus grandis Boheman, 1843, em meio natural; calcular a constante térmica; observar o comportamento do adulto na planta no decorrer do dia e avaliar a eficiência do fungo Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill., no controle da fase adulta. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no laboratório de biologia de insetos e na área experimental do Departamento de Entomologia da ESALQ-USP, no cultivar de algodão IAC-20. As fases de ovo e pupa tiveram menor duração no campo que no laboratório, ocorrendo o inverso com o período larval. A larva passou por 3 ínstares bem caracterizados. A duração do período de ovo até adulto em laboratório e campo foi de 16,6 e 19,2 dias, respectivamente. A fêmea apresentou um período de pré-oviposição de 5,7 dias; de oviposição de 23 dias e uma média de 2,4 ovos/dia. Os valores da constante térmica encontrados para os períodos de ovo, pupa e ovo até adulto foram: 47,73 GD; 102,75 GD e 236,76 GD, respectivamente. Em dia com céu nublado, velocidade do vento a 2 m de altura menor do que 5,25 km/h e temperatura máxima inferior a 26°C encontrou-se uma maior quantidade de adultos no terço médio e superior da planta. Nas condições de laboratório, B. bassiana alongou o período de pré-oviposição e diminuiu o período de oviposição e número de ovos/fêmea. A fertilidade dos ovos colocados por fêmeas infectadas pelo fungo, não foi afetada. As fêmeas morreram em tempo mais curto que os machos. Nas condições de campo, o fungo causou uma mortalidade máxima de 28,8% nos adultos presentes; entretanto, o adulto antes de morrer ocasionou grandes danos às estruturas frutíferas da planta.
Title in English
Bioecology of Anthonomus grandis Boheman, 1843 (Col.: Curculionidae) and its control with Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill.
Abstract in English
The objectives of this work were to study the biology of Anthonomus grandis Boheman, 1843, under natural conditions; to determine the thermic constant; to study the behavior of the adult on the plant at different times during the day and to evaluate the effectiveness of the fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill., on the adult. The research was carried out in the laboratory of insect biology and in the experimental area of the Department of Entomology of the ESALQ/USP at Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil, on the cotton cultivar IAC-20. Results indicate that the egg and pupa stages were shorter in the field than in the laboratory, occurring the opposite situation with the larval stage. The larva had three stages. The egg to adult stage lasted an average of 16.6 days in the laboratory and 19.2 days in the field. The female average pre-oviposition period was 5.7 days, the average oviposition period was 23 days and the average number of eggs was of 2.4 per day. The thermic constant for egg, pupa and egg to adult stages were 47.73GD; 102.75GD and 236.76GD, respectively. A greater number of adults on the top two thirds of the plant were found on a cloudy day, wind speed below 5.25 km/h measured at 2 m above the soil surface and 26°C of temperature. Under laboratory conditions, B. bassiana increased the pre-oviposition period and reduced the oviposition period and the number of eggs per female. The egg fertility of infected females was not affected. The females died in a shorter time than the males did. Under field conditions, the fungus caused a maximum mortality of 28.8% of the adults, but the insect caused serious injuries to the squares (flower buds) and bolls (fruit) before dying.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-11-24
 
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