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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.11.1985.tde-20231122-093240
Document
Author
Full name
Alci Enimar Loeck
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 1985
Supervisor
Title in Portuguese
Atividade biológica de dois inseticidas piretróides e sua persitência em solo barro-areno-argiloso em condições de campo
Keywords in Portuguese
ATIVIDADE BIOLÓGICA
INSETICIDAS PIRETROIDES
SOLOS
Abstract in Portuguese
Determinou-se a CL50, via contato, dos produtos cypermethrin, deltamethrin, carbofuran e aldrim para operárias do cupim Cornitermes cumulans Kollar, 1832. O aldrin mostrou-se mais tóxico, seguido pela deltamethrina, cypermethrina e carbofuran, respectivamente. Para verificar a persistência e atividade biológica dos inseticidas piretróides no solo, foram empregados carbofuram e aldrin como padrões. O solo foi tratado com quantidades cinco vezes maiores que os valores das CL50 obtidos para as operárias de cupim e mantido em condições de campo, no Munícipio de Piracicaba, SP, para posterior avaliação. Cada tratamento foi dividido, ficando uma parcela isenta de vegetação e a outra cultivada com trigo. A presença de plantas diminuiu a eficiência do cypermethrin. Os dois inseticidas piretródes afetaram o comportamento das operárias de cupim devido a sua rápida percepção, o que não ocorreu com o aldrin e o carbofuran. Somente após o 38° dia os cupins iniciaram a atividade de escavação de túneis no solo tratado com os dois piretróides, enquanto que no tratamento com aldrin e carbofuram o mesmo ocorreu antes, no 17° e 24° dia, respectivamente. Em relação à atividade de contato e ação residual, os inseticidas piretróides são comparáveis ao carbofuran, sendo detectados pelo método até 150 dias. Foi feito um estudo de translocação dos piretródes para a parte aérea das plantas de arroz da cultivar IAC 165 através do tratamento das sementes. Utilizaram-se lagartas do 1° instar de Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith, 1797 como bioindicadores, revelando que a translocação não ocorre pelo menos na forma ativa dos produtos. O deltamethrin na dosagem de 0,40 g i. a./kg de sementes prejudicou a germinação, o que também ocorreu para o aldrin na dosagem de 10,0 g i.a./kg de sementes. O cypermethrin e o carbofuran nas dosagens de 2,0 e 5,25 g i.a./kg de sementes, respectivamente não prejudicaram a germinação.
Title in English
Biological activity of two pyrethroid insecticides and their persistence in clay sandy soil in field conditions
Abstract in English
LC50 of cypermethrin, deltamethrin, carbofuran and aldrin for termite workers Cornitermes cumulans Kollar, 1832, were determined by contact. Aldrin showed to be the most toxic followed by deltamethrin, cypermethrin and carbofuran respectively. To verify persistence and biological activity of pyrethroid insecticides in soil, carbofuran and aldrin were used as standards. Soils were treated with quantities five times larger than LC50 obtained for termite workers and maintained in field conditions in Piracicaba, State of São Paulo, Brazil for posterior evaluation. Each treatment was divided and one plot was maintained without vegetation and the other one was cultivated with wheat. The presence of plants decreased the cypermethrin efficiency . Both pyrethroid insecticides affected the termite workers behavior due to their fast perception, what did not occur with aldrin and carbofuran. Only after the 38th day the termites started to dig tunnels in the soil treated with the two pyrethroids while on those treated with aldrin and carbofuran the same happened on the 17th and 24 th days respectively. In what concerns to contact activity and residual action, pyrethroid insecticides are similar to carbofuran being detected by the method up to 150 days. Study of translocation of pyrethroids to the aerial part of the rice plant of IAC 165 variety was done through seed treatment. First instar larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda Smith, 1797 were used as bio-indicators and it was showed that translocation does not occur, at least in an effective way. Deltamethrin used at 0,40 g a.i./kg of seeds damaged germination what also occurred to aldrin at 10. 0 g a.i./kg of seeds. Cypermethrin and carbofuran at 2.0 and 5.25 g a.i./kg of seeds respectively did not damaged germination.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-11-24
 
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