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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2022.tde-03012023-114223
Document
Author
Full name
Amanda Ravara de Souza
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Alves Filho, José Carlos Farias (President)
Colli, Leandro Machado
Mendes, Joao Gustavo Pessini Amarante
Title in Portuguese
Importância do PGC1α na diferenciação de células T reguladoras
Keywords in Portuguese
EAE
Linfócitos T Reguladores
PGC1α
Abstract in Portuguese
As T reguladoras Foxp3+ (Treg) são células essenciais na modulação da resposta inflamatória crônica e na homeostase do sistema imunológico. O fator de transformação do crescimento besta (TGF-β), é uma das citocinas responsáveis pela diferenciação das Tregs induzindo a expressão do fator de transcrição FOXP3, que é considerado o principal regulador dos genes associados a diferenciação e função destas células. O metabolismo das Tregs, está fortemente atrelado a fosforilação oxidativa alimentada por oxidação de ácidos graxos (OXPHOS) que promovem um aumento da capacidade respiratória destas células. Ainda relacionado a respiração celular, estudos anteriores observaram interação entre as Tregs e o Coativador gama 1-alfa do receptor ativado pelo proliferador de peroxissoma (PGC1α), proteína codificada pelo gene PPARGC1A em humanos, que atua como fator de transcrição para diversos genes vinculados ao metabolismo e a biogênese mitocondrial. Neste contexto, foi mostrado que o fator de transcrição em questão está diretamente ligado ao desempenho da função da célula T reguladora, uma vez que a exclusão desse regulador metabólico gera inibição da resposta efetora de células Tregs. Por esse motivo, nós investigamos qual a importância do PGC1α na diferenciação de células T reguladoras. Após o tratamento com TGF-β em animais knockout condicionais para PGC1α em células Tregs, evidenciamos redução significativa da quantidade de células FOXP3+. Ao analisar as mitocôndrias desses animais, observamos alterações em sua quantidade e no potencial de membrana mitocondrial que foram severamente reduzidos. Estes resultados em conjunto mostram que a diferenciação das células Tregs depende de um balanço energético que vai controlar as necessidades das células a partir dos sinais de moléculas que as ativam.
Title in English
Importance of PGC1α in the differentiation of regulatory T cells
Keywords in English
EAE
Foxp3
PGC1α
T regulatory cells (Tregs)
Abstract in English
Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) are essential cells in the modulation of the chronic inflammatory response and in the homeostasis of the immune system. The transforming growth factor beast (TGF-β) is one of the cytokines responsible for the differentiation of Tregs, inducing the expression of the transcription factor FOXP3, which is considered the main regulator of genes associated with the differentiation and function of these cells. The metabolism of Tregs is strongly linked to oxidative phosphorylation fueled by fatty acid oxidation (OXPHOS) that promote an increase in the respiratory capacity of these cells. Still related to cellular respiration, previous studies observed interaction between Tregs and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 1-alpha coactivator (PGC1α), a protein encoded by the PPARGC1A gene in humans, which acts as a transcription factor for several genes linked to the metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis. In this context, it was shown that the transcription factor in question is directly linked to the performance of regulatory T cell function, since the exclusion of this metabolic regulator generates inhibition of the effector response of Treg cells. For this reason, we investigated the importance of PGC1α in the differentiation of regulatory T cells. After treatment with TGF-β in conditional knockout animals for PGC1α in Treg cells, we observed a significant reduction in the number of FOXP3+ cells. When analyzing the mitochondria of these animals, we observed changes in their quantity and in the mitochondrial membrane potential that were severely reduced. These results together show that the differentiation of Treg cells depends on an energy balance that will control the needs of cells from the signals of molecules that activate them.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-01-16
 
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