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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.17.2013.tde-18032013-135704
Document
Author
Full name
Gislane Lelis Vilela de Oliveira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2013
Supervisor
Committee
Donadi, Eduardo Antonio (President)
Haddad, Simone Kashima
Okamoto, Oswaldo Keith
Otero, Rosalia Mendez
Passos Junior, Geraldo Aleixo da Silva
Title in Portuguese
Análise da expressão gênica por microarrays de células-tronco hematopoéticas e mesenquimais de pacientes com esclerose múltipla
Keywords in Portuguese
células estromais mesenquimais multipotentes
células-tronco hematopoéticas
doenças autoimunes
esclerose múltipla
expressão gênica diferencial
Abstract in Portuguese
As células-tronco hematopoéticas (CTHs) e estromais mesenquimais multipotentes (CTMs) isoladas da medula óssea vêm sendo utilizadas como fonte autóloga no tratamento de doenças autoimunes, como a esclerose múltipla (EM). As CTHs dão origem a todas as células dos sistemas hematopoético e imunológico e as CTMs possuem propriedades imunomoduladoras pela liberação de fatores solúveis e interação célula-célula. Existem trabalhos que sugerem que as doenças autoimunes sejam provenientes de defeitos intrínsecos nas células-tronco precursoras da medula óssea. Com o intuito de avaliar se as CTHs e CTMs de pacientes com EM possuem alterações intrínsecas, o objetivo geral deste trabalho foi avaliar o perfil de expressão gênica diferencial por microarrays de CTHs e CTMs de pacientes com EM, além de avaliar o perfil de expressão gênica de CTMs após o transplante autólogo de CTHs e a capacidade imunomoduladora in vitro das CTMs de pacientes. As CTHs e CTMs foram isoladas da medula óssea de pacientes com EM e doadores saudáveis, após consentimento informado. As CTHs foram isoladas por colunas imunomagnéticas e as CTMs foram isoladas por gradiente de densidade e submetidas à caracterização morfológica, imunofenotípica e capacidade de diferenciação em adipócitos e osteócitos. O RNA das CTHs e CTMs foi extraído e purificado e o perfil de expressão gênica foi avaliado por microarrays, utilizando hibridações em lâminas contendo 44.000 sondas. A capacidade imunomoduladora das CTMs de pacientes e controles foi avaliada por ensaios de cocultivo com linfócitos alogênicos e as citocinas foram quantificadas no sobrenadante por CBA flex e ELISA. Este estudo foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto. Os resultados mostraram que as CTHs de pacientes possuem perfis de expressão gênica diferentes dos controles, com 2.722 genes diferencialmente expressos, envolvidos em vias de sinalização importantes para manutenção/proliferação das CTHs e diferenciação em linhagens específicas durante a hematopoese. Dentre essas sinalizações estão incluídas as vias da apoptose, Wnt, Notch, mTOR, PI3K/Akt e Ca/NFAT, sugerindo que as CTHs de pacientes com EM possuam alterações intrínsecas que podem estar relacionadas com a patogenia da doença autoimune. As CTMs isoladas de pacientes com EM exibiram aparência senescente e reduzida expressão de marcadores imunofenotípicos. Com relação à expressão gênica, as CTMs de pacientes possuem perfil diferente das CTMs controle, sendo detectados 618 genes diferencialmente expressos, incluindo genes relacionados à sinalização FGF, HGF, sinalização de moléculas de adesão e moléculas envolvidas nos processos de imunorregulação, como IL10, IL6, TGFB1, IFNGR1, IFNGR2 e HGF. O perfil de expressão gênica das CTMs de pacientes pós-transplante assemelhou-se ao perfil das CTMs pré-transplante. Ensaios de cocultivo de CTMs com linfócitos alogênicos mostraram que as CTMs de pacientes possuem capacidade antiproliferativa reduzida em relação às CTMs controle, e ainda, secreção reduzida de TGF- e IL-10 no sobrenadante das coculturas. Esses dados sugerem que as CTMs isoladas de pacientes com EM possuam alterações fenotípicas, transcricionais e funcionais. Embasados nesses achados, concluímos que as CTHs e as CTMs de pacientes com EM possuem alterações intrínsecas que podem estar relacionadas com a patogenia da doença. Uma vez que as CTMs sejam células com grande potencial terapêutico para controle da EM em pacientes refratários aos tratamentos convencionais, as alterações encontradas sugerem que CTMs de doadores saudáveis sejam mais adequadas em aplicações clínicas.
Title in English
Gene expression profiles of hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stromal cells obtained from multiple sclerosis patients and detected by microarrays.
Keywords in English
autoimmune diseases
differential gene expression profile
hematopoietic stem cells
multiple sclerosis
multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells
Abstract in English
Bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been used as an autologous source to treat autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). HSC give rise to all hematopoietic and immune system cells, and MSCs exhibit immunomodulatory properties by releasing soluble factors and by cell-cell interactions. Evidence indicates that bone marrow stem cells obtained from patients with autoimmune diseases may present intrinsic defects. To assess whether or not HSC and MSC of MS patients have intrinsic defects, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the differential gene expression profiles of HSC and MSC from MS patients before and after autologous HSC transplantation, and additionally, to evaluate the in vitro immunomodulatory ability of patient MSCs. Bone marrow HSC and MSCs were isolated from MS patients and healthy donors. HSCs were isolated by immunomagnetic columns and MSCs were isolated by gradient density and cultured until the third passage. MSCs were characterized according to morphology, immunophenotypic markers and cell differentiation into adipocytes and osteocytes. HSC and MSCs mRNAs were extracted, purified, and the gene expression profile was evaluated by microarray hybridizations, using a platform containing 44.000 probes. The immunomodulatory activity of patient and control MSCs was assessed by coculture assays with allogeneic lymphocytes. Cytokines were quantified in coculture supernatants by ELISA and CBA flex. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital of the School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto. The results showed that the patient HSCs exhibited a distinctive gene expression profile when compared to healthy HSCs, yielding 2.722 differentially expressed genes, involved in essential HSC signaling pathways for maintenance, proliferation and differentiation into specific lineages during hematopoiesis. Among these signaling pathways were included, apoptosis, Wnt, Notch, mTOR, PI3K/Akt and Ca/NFAT, suggesting that patient HSCs have significant intrinsic transcriptional alterations that may be associated with MS pathogenesis. Regarding MSCs isolated from MS patients, they exhibited senescence appearance, decreased expression of immunophenotypic markers, and also exhibited a distinctive gene expression profile in relation to healthy MSCs, yielding 618 genes differentially expressed genes, included in FGF and HGF signaling pathways, adhesion molecules, and genes involved in immunoregulation processes, such as IL-10, IL-6, TGFB1, IFNGR1, IFNGR2 and HGF. Coculture assays of control or patient MSCs with allogeneic lymphocytes showed that patient cells exhibited reduced antiproliferative activity as compared with controls, and also exhibited reduced secretion of TGF- and IL-10 cytokines in coculture supernatants. These data suggest that MSCs isolated from MS patients have phenotypic, functional and transcriptional defects, highlighting genes related to MSC maintenance, adhesion and immunomodulatory effects. According to these results, we concluded that patient HSCs and MSCs have intrinsic defects that may be associated with the disease per se. Considering that MSCs exhibit great therapeutic potential to control MS patients refractory to conventional treatment, the major MSCs alterations observed in this study indicate that healthy MSCs may be more suitable for MS cell therapy.
 
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Publishing Date
2013-05-06
 
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