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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.17.2022.tde-03022023-102300
Document
Author
Full name
Amanda Fernandes de Oliveira Costa
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2022
Supervisor
Committee
Pontes, Lorena Lôbo de Figueiredo (President)
Clé, Diego Villa
Colli, Leandro Machado
Sandes, Alex Freire
Title in Portuguese
Caracterização fenotípica e funcional de células Natural Killer no diagnóstico e avaliação pós-tratamento de leucemia mieloide aguda
Keywords in Portuguese
Células natural killer
Células-tronco leucêmicas
Citometria de fluxo multiparamétrica
Leucemia mieloide aguda
Abstract in Portuguese
As células Natural Killer (NK) são membros da família dos linfócitos capazes de eliminar células reconhecidas como não-próprias e produzir rapidamente fatores solúveis com ações antimicrobianas ou sobre outras células do sistema imune. Sabe-se que as NK desempenham importante papel na proteção antitumoral, porém, os mecanismos ligados ao controle das neoplasias hematológicas não estão completamente elucidados. Nas leucemias mieloides agudas (LMAs), doenças clonais do tecido hematopoético com proliferação exacerbada de blastos mieloides e parada de maturação, o papel do sistema imunológico em regular a leucemogênese é pouco estudado, embora seja de grande importância. É possível que a função das células NK bem como a distribuição de seus subtipos funcionais estejam relacionadas ao controle e progressão da LMA. Estudos recentes sugerem que as células NK, em pacientes com LMA, apresentam padrão de expressão antigênica anormal, o que prejudica sua função e favorece a expansão dos blastos leucêmicos. Considerando que as células-tronco hematopoéticas (CTH) normais respondem a estímulos mediados pelas células NK, acreditamos que uma deficiência funcional dessas células contribua para expansão e resistência das células-tronco leucêmicas (CTL). Assim, no presente projeto, foi avaliada a frequência e o fenótipo das células NK e seus subtipos, na LMA, por meio de imunofenotipagem por citometria de fluxo multiparamétrica (CFMP), ao diagnóstico e nos pontos de monitoramento de doença residual mensurável (DRM) no decorrer do tratamento. Os achados fenotípicos foram correlacionados às características clínicas, morfológicas e genético-moleculares da coorte de pacientes com LMA estudada. Observamos que o fenótipo das células NK na LMA está associado a um mau prognóstico, com citotoxicidade e atividade antileucêmica comprometidas, além de menores taxas de sobrevida. Fechar essas lacunas no conhecimento da evasão imune mediada por NK na LMA é de interesse significativo para possíveis intervenções terapêuticas e para o desenvolvimento de imunoterapias mediada por células NK.
Title in English
Phenotypic and functional characterization of Natural Killer cells at diagnosis and post-treatment evaluation of acute myeloid leukemia
Keywords in English
Acute myeloid leukemia
Leukemic stem cells
Multiparametric flow cytometry
Natural killer cells
Abstract in English
Natural Killer (NK) cells are members of the lymphocyte family, which can recognize and eliminate transformed cells and rapidly produce soluble factors with antimicrobial actions or effects on other cells of the immune system. It is known that NK activity is also relevant in antitumor protection, but the mechanisms underlying the control of hematopoietic neoplasms by NK cells are not yet well elucidated. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a clonal disease of the hematopoietic tissue with exacerbated myeloid blast proliferation and maturation arrest, the role of the immune system in regulating hematopoiesis has rarely been addressed. Therefore, it is possible that the function of NK cells as well as the distribution of their functional subtypes could be related to the control and progression of AML. Recent studies suggest that in AML, NK cells have an abnormal pattern of antigenic expression, which impairs their function and favors the expansion of leukemic blasts. Considering that normal hematopoietic stem cells may respond to NK-mediated stimulation, we hypothesized that a functional deficiency of these cells contributes to the expansion and resistance of leukemic stem cells (LSC). Thus, in the present project, we evaluated the frequency and phenotype of NK cells and their subtypes in AML patients, by multiparametric flow cytometry, at diagnosis and measurable residual disease (MRD) follow-up and correlated it to clinical, morphological, and molecular-genetic characteristics. As result, we demonstrated that the NK cell phenotype in AML is associated with poor prognosis, with compromised cytotoxicity and anti-leukemic activity, in addition to lower survival rates. Closing these gaps in the knowledge of NK-mediated immune evasion in AML is of significant interest for potential therapeutic interventions and the development of NK cell-mediated immunotherapies.
 
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Release Date
2024-11-23
Publishing Date
2023-02-06
 
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