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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.18.1997.tde-02082024-183617
Document
Author
Full name
Roberto Alves de Oliveira
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 1997
Supervisor
Committee
Foresti, Eugenio (President)
Branco, Samuel Murgel
Campos, Jose Roberto
Sant'Anna Junior, Geraldo Lippel
Vazoller, Rosana Filomena
 
Title in Portuguese
Efeito da concentração de sólidos suspensos do afluente no desempenho e características do lodo de reatores anaeróbios de fluxo ascendente com manta de lodo tratando águas residuárias de suinocultura
Keywords in Portuguese
águas residuárias de suinocultura
bactérias metanogênicas
hidrodinâmica
lodo granulado
manta de lodo
reator UASB
tratamento anaeróbio
Abstract in Portuguese
Dois reatores UASB (volume de 10,5 l), alimentados com águas residuárias de suinocultura, foram submetidos a diferentes concentrações de sólidos suspensos totais do afluente (SST de 500; 1000; 1500 e 2000 mg.1-¹), tempos de detenção hidráulico (TDH de 30; 20; 12 e 8 h), taxas de carregamento orgânico volumétrico (TCOV de 0,82 a 8,03 kg DQO total.m-3 .d-1 ) e temperaturas (ambiente, 25°C e 30°C). Conclui-se que a TCOV e não o TDH foi o parâmetro limitante para afluentes com concentrações de SST de 1000 a 2000 mg.1-¹. Para TCOV até 5 kg DQO total.m-³ .d-¹ observaram-se eficiências de remoção de DQO e SST superiores a 85%. O TDH foi o parâmetro limitante para afluentes com concentrações de SST menores que 1000 mg.l-¹ . O aumento e controle da temperatura a 25°C foi suficiente para obtenção de eficiências de remoção de DQO e SST superiores a 85%, quando os reatores foram operados com TCOV maior que 5 kg DQO total.m-³ .d-¹ . Na manta predominou lodo granulado estruturado em três camadas e a sua composição microbiana foi estudada. A microanálise de raio X (EDX) permitiu verificar a presença de P e Ca, como principais constituintes dos grânulos, seguidos de S, Si, AI, F e, Zn, Cu e Mg, excluindo-se C, H, O e N não detectados pelo analisador. A taxa de acumulação de lodo na manta dos reatores variou de 0,023 a 0,119 g SSV.(g DQO removida)-¹. A flotação do lodo granulado pareceu estar associada, principalmente, à acumulação de biogás em espaços vazios formados no seu interior. A atividade metanogênica específica do lodo (AME) variou de 0,01 a O, 13 mmol CH4.(g SSV.h)-¹. Os ensaios hidrodinâmicos permitiram constatar a ocorrência de elevado grau de mistura nos reatores.
 
Title in English
Effect of influent suspended solids concentrations on the performance and sludge characteristics of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors treating swine wastewater
Keywords in English
anaerobic process
granular sludge
hydrodynamics
methanogenic bacteria
piggery wastewater
sludge blanket
UASB reactor
Abstract in English
Two 10,5 l UASB reactors continuously fed with diluted piggery wastewater were subjected to distinct operational conditions in respect to influent total suspended solids concentrations (TSS of 500; 1000; 1500 and 2000 mg.r1 ), hydraulic detention time (HDT of30; 20; 12 and 8 hours), volumetric organic loading rates (OLR of 0.8 to 8.03 kg total COD.m-³.d-¹ ) and temperature (ambient, 25°C and 30°C). It was concluded that OLR and not HDT is the limiting parameter for influent TSS concentrations ranging from 1000 mg.l-¹ to 2000 mgl-¹. For OLR up to 5 kg total COD.m-³ .d-¹ COD and TSS removal efficiencies higher than 85% could be achieved. For influent TSS lower than 1000 mg.l-¹ HDT was found to be the limiting parameter. It was clearly demonstrated that 25°C was sufficient to permit the reactor to operate at OLR higher than 5 kg total COD.m-³ .d-¹ with COD and TSS removal efficiencies higher than 85%. Well-structured three layers granular sludge predominated in the sludge bed. X-ray (EDX) microanalysis permitted to verify the presence of P, Ca as the main constituents o f the granules, excluding C, H, O and N not detected in the EDX analyser. Other elements such as S, Si, Al, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mg were also found. In-reactor sludge yield coefficient was found to range from O. 023 to O .119 g VSS. (g COD removed)-¹. In floated granules was verified the presence of empty spaces in the internai layers. The biogas storage in these empty spaces was associated to granular sludge floatation. The sludge specific methanogenic activity (SMA) ranged from 0.01 to 0.13 mmol CH4(g VSS.h)-¹. The hydrodynamics assays indicated high mixing leveis within the reactors.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-08-02
 
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