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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.18.1997.tde-15072024-155934
Document
Author
Full name
Kátia Valéria Marques Cardoso Prates
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 1997
Supervisor
Committee
Vazoller, Rosana Filomena (President)
Canhos, Vanderlei Perez
Foresti, Eugenio
Title in Portuguese
Verificação da produção biológica de nitrogênio a partir de lodos anaeróbios granulados cultivados em meio contendo nitrôgenio amoniacal e baixas concentrações de compostos orgânicos
Keywords in Portuguese
anaeróbios estritos
produção anaeróbia de nitrogênio
Abstract in Portuguese
O presente trabalho avalia a possibilidade de formação biológica de nitrogênio gasoso em biodigestores anaeróbios metanogênicos. Os ensaios consideraram a hipótese da ação do nitrato na transformação anaeróbia do ion amônio em nitrogênio e o efeito de fontes gasosas de H2 e CO2. Os experimentos foram preparados em quatro diferentes condições, utilizando-se, como inóculo, lodo proveniente de um reator UASB operado com esgoto sanitário, enriquecidos com meio de cultivo Zinder acrescido de NH4Cl ou NH4NO3, como fonte de nitrogênio amoniacal. Sendo, (1) 0,5 g/L de NH4Cl sob atmosfera de Hélio; (2) 0,6 g/L de NH4NO3 sob atmosfera de Hélio; (3) 0,5 g/L de NH4Cl, sob atmosfera de H2/CO2(70 - 30%); (4) inóculo proveniente de (3) formando por três subgrupos: o primeiro contendo formiato de sódio, sob atmosfera de Hélio, o segundo, atmosfera de CO2, e o terceiro, extrato de lodo sob atmosfera de H2/CO2 (70 - 30%), todos com NH4Cl. Os experimentos foram realizados sob condições metanogênicas (anaeróbios estrita), sendo os frascos de cultivo mantidos sob agitação constante (60 rpm) e temperatura de 35 +- 1 grau C. Os resultados foram obtidos através de análises cromatográficas, microscópicas e de determinação de íon amônio, e indicaram a produção biológica de nitrogênio gasoso no terceiro grupo de experimentos. As análises microscópicas evidenciaram a predominância de bactérias metanogênicas com morfologias de bacilos, semelhantes ao gênero Methanobacterium sp e Methanobrevibacter sp, bactérias filamentosas, além de microorganismos semelhantes a fungos. Os outros grupos de experimentos não apresentaram resultados quanto à produção de nitrogênio
Title in English
.
Keywords in English
anaerobic nitrogen production
strict anaerobic
Abstract in English
The present study aims at the evaluation of dinitrogen gas biological formation, under anaerobic methanogenic conditions. The hypothesis supporting this research is the possibility of dinitrogen gas formation from NH4+in the presence of N03- or, altematively H2 and C02 (70:30%), by anaerobic sludge from a UASB reactor treating municipal wastewater. Experiments were carried out into four different conditions using a mineral medium (called Zinder's medium) as a basal constitution of cell cultures enrichments procedures: (1) 0,5 g/L NH4Cl; (2) 0,6 g/L NH4NO3, (3) 0,5 g/L NH4Cl under hydrogen and carbon dioxide gas mixture; (4) sludge from (3) subcultivated in 0,5 g/L NH4Cl plus sodium formate, in 0,5 g/L NH4Cl under carbon dioxide atmosphere and 0,5 g/L NH4Cl plus sludge extract under H2 and C02 gas mixture. Helium gas was used as atmosphere in the experiments without gas mixture or C02. The incubation of the fed-batch experiments were done in a completely oxygen-free atmosphere, with agitation, under 35 ± 1 °C. The evidence for dinitrogen gas formation, probably mediated by biological activities, was verified during the third group of experiments. In this condition, microscopic analysis showed fluorescent bacillus as the predominant sludge morphologies, which are related with Methanobacterium sp and Methanobrevibacter sp genera, respectively. It was concluded that anaerobic ammonium oxidation could be related with dinitrogen gas formation under hydrogen and carbon dioxide gas mixture, and it should be persevere in further experiments in order to establish the real metabolic route of dinitrogen gas formation under methanogenic conditions. The experiments were not conclusive to the presence of dinitrogen gas during the order condition studied.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-07-15
 
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