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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.18.2004.tde-20052004-222239
Document
Author
Full name
Aurélio Pessôa Picanço
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2004
Supervisor
Committee
Povinelli, Jurandyr (President)
Calijuri, Maria do Carmo
Figueiredo, Roberto Feijo de
Pinto, Deiza Maria Corrêa Lara
Schalch, Valdir
Title in Portuguese
Influência da recirculação de percolado em sistemas de batelada de uma fase e híbrido na digestão da fração orgânica de resíduos sólidos urbanos
Keywords in Portuguese
Digestão anaeróbia de resíduos sólidos
FORSU
recirculação de percolado
sistemas de duas fases
taxa de recirculação
Abstract in Portuguese
Nesta tese foi estudada a influência da recirculação do percolado, ajustando as melhores taxas e freqüências, para degradação da fração orgânica dos resíduos sólidos urbanos, em sistema de batelada de uma e duas fases (híbrido). Foram utilizados reatores de 3,45 litros preenchidos com resíduo sólido urbano padrão (FORSUp), percolado como inóculo e um filtro anaeróbio como reator metanogênico. Foram testadas as taxas de recirculação do inóculo de 1%, 2,5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30% e 50% e seu monitoramento feito por análises físico-químicas e microbiológicas. O reator que apresentou melhores valores de produção de metano e redução de DQO foi aquele com taxa de recirculação de 20% do percolado metanogênico. Na segunda etapa foram operados três digestores de 50L, alimentados com a FORSUp com as melhores taxas de recirculação determinadas na primeira etapa desse trabalho e a obtida no trabalho de Salgado (2003). Um reator simulou o reator acidogênico de um sistema de duas fases, no qual 20% de seu inóculo foi injetado em um filtro anaeróbio (com tempo de detenção hidráulico de 24 horas). Um outro sistema com taxa de 10% de recirculação de percolado foi operado como reator de uma fase. Outro reator, inoculado com a mesma quantidade de FORSUp e percolado, porém, não se realizou qualquer recirculação do seu inóculo (controle), servindo para comparar os digestores de uma e duas fases. O sistema de duas fases, comparado aos demais reatores, confirmou que a taxa de recirculação de 20%, obteve maior eficiência na partida, com elevada produção de metano e maior percentual de degradação de sólidos. Os exames microscópicos realizados em amostras de percolado desses reatores revelaram predominância de organismos de morfologia com características de Methanococcus e Methanosarcina. Concluiu-se que a taxa de recirculação de percolado influi significativamente nos reatores degradando a matéria orgânica. O estudo cinético confirmou que o processo de digestão obedece a cinética das reações em série, com elevados valores de k´1
Title in English
Influency of leachate recirculation in batch and one-phase reactors to anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of urban solid waste
Keywords in English
anaerobic digestion of solid waste
leachate recycle
OFMSW
recirculation rate
two-phase systems
Abstract in English
This thesis studied the influence of the leachate recirculation, adjusting to the best rates and frequencies, for degradation of the organic fraction of the urban solid wastes, in one and two-phases (hybrid) system. Bioreactors of 3.45 L were used and filled out with OFMSW pattern, leachate as seed and an anaerobic filter as methanogenic reactor. The performance of the reactors was analyzed varying recirculation rates (1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 50 % in volume of seed). Leachate samples from these reactors were examined through microscopical examinations and physical-chemical analyses to evaluate its performance. The reactor with 20% recirculation rate, got larger efficiency in the departure, methane production and percentage of solid degradation, compared to the others reactors. In the second stage, three 50L digesters were operated and fed with standard OFMSW with the best recirculation rates of the first stage and the best rate obtained in Salgado (2003). A bioreactor simulated the acidogenic reactor of a two-phase system, in which 20% of its seed was injected in anaerobic filter (with hydraulic detention time of 24 hours). Another system, with 10% of recirculation rate of leachate was operated in a one-phase reactor. Once more bioreactor, inoculated like others, however, without any recirculation were studied to compare with one and two-phase reactor. The two-phase system confirmed that the 20% recirculation rate, compared to the others reactors, obtained better efficiency with high methane production and solid degradation. The microscopical examinations in the leachate samples from this reactor presented predominance of organisms with characteristical morphology from Methanococcus and Methanosarcina. It was concluded that the leachate recirculation has significant influence in the degradation of organic matter bioreactors. The kinetic study confirmed that the anaerobic process for OFMSW proceed the in series kinetics, with high constants values of first order
 
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Publishing Date
2004-08-13
 
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