Master Dissertation

Document
Master Dissertation
Author
Full name
Gerson Pavanelli
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
2001-07-23
Published
São Carlos, 2001
Supervisor
Committee
Bernardo, Luiz Di (President)
Frollini, Elisabete
Mendes, Carlos Gomes da Nave
Title in Portuguese
Eficiência de diferentes tipos de coagulantes na coagulação, floculação e sedimentação de água com cor ou turbidez elevada.
Keywords in Portuguese
coagulação, custo de produtos quimícos, floculação, sedimentação, tratamento de água
Abstract in Portuguese
A proposta deste trabalho foi utilizar quatro diferentes coagulantes - sulfato de alumínio, cloreto férrico, hidroxicloreto de aluminio e sulfato ferrico; construir os diagramas de coagulação; e assimilar as regiões de maior ou menor eficiência da remoção de turbidez ou da cor. Para permitir uma avaliação de custos na utilização dos coagulantes, observo-se nos diagramas as regiões onde os valores de turbidez remanescente são aproximadamente iguais para diferentes coagulantes. Com essa consideração, foi stabelecida a relação entre consumo e custo dos produtos quimícos utilizados. Os coagulantes que apresentaram particularidades para as águas estudadas foram: o cloreto ferrico que mostrou melhor desempenho para valores de ph baixos; o sulfato ferrico que mostrou-se mais economico; e o hidroxicloreto de aluminio que atua numa grande faixa de ph. Na conclusão dos estudos, verifica-se que cada água a ser tratada deve ser analisada através de diagramas de coagulação, visando a otimização dos parâmetros de ph versus dosagem e buscando o melhor coagulante pelo menor custo.
Title in English
Efficiency of different types of coagulants in the coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation of water with high turbidity or color.
Keywords in English
coagulation, costs of chemical products, flocculation, sedimentation, water treatment
Abstract in English
The purpose of this study was to use four different coagulants - aluminum sulphate, iron chloride, polyaluminum hidroxichloride and ferric sulphate; to build the coagulation diagrams; and to mark the regions of higher or lower efficiency in the removal of turbidity or color. To allow a cost appraisal in the use of the coagulants, the region where the values of remaining turbidity, which are approximately the same for different coagulants, was examined in the diagrams. This being taken into consideration, the relation between consumption and cost of the chemical products was established. The coagulants that presented certain peculiarities for the studied waters were: iron chloride, that showed better performance for low pH values; the ferric sulphate, that showed itself as more economical; and the polyaluminum hidroxichloride, that functions in a large interval of pH. In the conclusion of the study, it was observed that each type of water to be treated must be analyzed through coagulation diagrams, aiming at the optimization of pH parameters versus dosages and looking for the best coagulant with lower cost.

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Publishing Date
2003-05-13

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