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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.18.2012.tde-26042012-100723
Document
Author
Full name
Alessandro Damiani Mota
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Paiva, Maria Stela Veludo de (President)
Marcassa, Luís Gustavo
Rodrigues, Evandro Luis Linhari
Title in Portuguese
Sistema eletrônico de controle para laser amarelo de aplicação oftalmológica com regime de operação contínuo e micro-pulsado
Keywords in Portuguese
Laser amarelo
Laser oftalmológico
Pulsos laser em microssegundo
Sistema de controle de laser
Abstract in Portuguese
Mais recentemente foi proposta uma nova técnica para tratamento de doenças relacionadas à retina humana, utilizando descargas laser na retina com seqüência de pulsos da ordem de 200 'mü's, em substituição ao tratamento convencional que utiliza pulsos longos da ordem de 300 ms. A principal vantagem da nova técnica é a preservação (sem morte celular) do tecido exposto ao laser. Esse trabalho apresenta os mecanismos adotados para o desenvolvimento de um sistema eletrônico de controle de uma cavidade laser em 586 nm, para uso oftalmológico, que objetiva atender o protocolo exigido por essa técnica mais recente. O referido protocolo exige a formação de pulsos rápidos de laser, o que torna vital a velocidade do sistema eletrônico de controle da cavidade laser. Para atender os requisitos do projeto foram implementados dois controladores de corrente em malha fechada PI (Proporcional integrative controller) que trabalham em sincronismo, um controlador de potência óptica em malha fechada PI, e circuitos auxiliares de controle térmico da cavidade laser. Em software foram implementados um PI de potência, com objetivo de tornar a malha de controle estável com o tempo de resposta necessário, e o PI de controle térmico dos elementos da cavidade laser. Os testes realizados do protótipo demonstraram que o sistema de controle atendeu as especificações de projeto, principalmente no que se refere a tempo de resposta do pulso rápido, ponto fundamental na obtenção do protocolo clínico (FastPulse), que esse trabalho objetiva atender. Adicionalmente, o protótipo foi submetido a teste clínico em um paciente, e os resultados demonstraram eficácia no tratamento e ausência de marcas (lesões) na retina.
Title in English
Electronic control system to yellow laser for ophthalmic applications and continuous or micro second pulse regime
Keywords in English
Laser control system
Micro-second laser pulses
Ophthalmological laser
Yellow laser
Abstract in English
Recently, scientists have proposed a new technique for treating diseases related to the human retina, which is based on retinal laser discharges using pulse sequence around of 200 'mü's, replacing the conventional treatment using long pulses around of 300 ms. The main advantage of the new technique is the conservation (without cell death) of the area exposed to the laser. This work presents the mechanisms adopted for the development of an electronic control system of a laser cavity at 586 nm for ophthalmic use, which aims to meet the protocol required by this recent technique. The protocol requires the formation of rapid pulses of laser, which makes the electronic control system response velocity of the laser cavity vital to the protocol. To meet the project requirements were implemented two current controllers in closed loop PI (proportional integrative controller) working synchronized, an optical power controller in closed loop PI, and auxiliary circuits for temperature control of the laser cavity. Software were implemented for two controls, a PI power, in order to make the control loop stable with the required response time, and a PI thermal control for elements of the laser cavity. Tests showed that the prototype met the design specifications, especially regarding the response time of rapid pulse, key point in obtaining the clinical protocol (FastPulse), that this work aims to meet. Additionally, the prototype was subjected to clinical trial on a patient, and the results demonstrated efficacy and no visible lesions were noticed on retina.
 
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Alessandro.pdf (5.85 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2012-05-04
 
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