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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.2.2017.tde-27112020-032203
Document
Author
Full name
Jonathas Ramos de Castro
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2017
Supervisor
Committee
Boiteux, Elza Antonia Pereira Cunha (President)
Cintra, Rodrigo Augusto Suzuki Dias
Solon, Ari Marcelo
Mese, Vivianne Ferreira
Title in Portuguese
O problema da soberania em Hans Kelsen e Michel Foucault
Keywords in Portuguese
Filosofia do Direito
Filosofia política
Hans Kelsen
Michel Foucault
Poder
Soberania
Abstract in Portuguese
A soberania é um conceito fundamental do pensamento político e da teoria do direito ocidentais. Sua história remete aos primeiros anos da Idade Média, embora sua primeira teorização date da Era Moderna, quando Jean Bodin e Thomas Hobbes a tornaram indissociável do conceito de Estado, justificando, desse modo, as pretensões absolutistas dos monarcas francês e inglês. Desde então, o conceito tem sido criticado a partir das mais diversas perspectivas. Dentre os autores que, no século XX, se predispuseram a revisar criticamente o conceito de soberania, encontram-se o jurista austríaco Hans Kelsen e o filósofo francês Michel Foucault. Esta pesquisa pretendeu realizar um exame dos trabalhos desses dois autores. O objetivo foi investigar e compreender quais elementos pautaram a crítica de Kelsen e Foucault ao conceito de soberania. O interesse que animou a pesquisa foi, portanto, predominantemente bibliográfico e teórico: buscou-se, por meio da leitura detalhada e paciente dos textos selecionados, recompor os argumentos dos autores e compreender o dito e o não dito, os contextos, os conceitos e os pressupostos. A hipótese inicial foi que a crítica à qual Kelsen e Foucault submetem o conceito de soberania visa determinar as condições pelas quais uma ciência do direito e uma análise das relações de poder modernas podem legitimamente empregar o conceito. O resultado do exame dos textos selecionados foi no sentido de comprovar a hipótese, mostrando que a ciência do direito e a análise do poder modernas, tais como desenvolvidas por Kelsen e Foucault, podem admitir um conceito de soberania, respectivamente um conceito que defina soberania como propriedade lógica de uma ordem jurídica e como técnica localizada de poder.
Title in English
The sovereignty problem in Hans Kelsen and Michel Foucault
Keywords in English
Hans Kelsen
Law
Michel Foucault
Power
Sovereignty
Abstract in English
Sovereignty is a fundamental concept of Western political thought and legal theory. The concept's history dates to the earliest years of the Middle Ages, although the first theories in which the concept assume its form dates to the Modern Age, when Jean Bodin and Thomas Hobbes made it inseparable from the concept of State, thereby justifying the absolutist pretentions of French and English monarchs. Since then, the concept has been criticized from the most diverse perspectives. Among the authors who in the twentieth century were predisposed to critically review the concept of sovereignty are the Austrian jurist Hans Kelsen and the French philosopher Michel Foucault. This research intends to examine the works of these two authors. The objetive is to investigate why Kelsen and Foucault felt the need to criticize the concept of sovereignty, how they led this critique and what resulted from it. Therefore, the interest that animates this research is predominantly bibliographical and theoretical: through the detailed and patient reading of the selected texts, the examination tries to understand the said and the not-said, the contexts, the concepts and the presuppositions. The initial hypothesis is that Kelsen and Foucault's critique of the concept of sovereignty tries to determine the conditions under which a legal science and an analysis of modern power relations can legitimately employ that concept. The result of the examination of the selected texts seems to prove the initial hypothesis, showing that modern legal science and analysis of power, as developed by Kelsen and Foucault, can admit a concept of sovereignty, respectively a concept that defines sovereignty as the logical property of a legal order and as a localized technique of power.
 
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Publishing Date
2021-05-12
 
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