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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.22.2006.tde-22022006-164804
Document
Author
Full name
Ricardo Alexandre Arcêncio
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2006
Supervisor
Committee
Villa, Tereza Cristina Scatena (President)
Netto, Antonio Ruffino
Pinto, Ione Carvalho
Title in Portuguese
"A organização do tratamento supervisionado nos municípios prioritários do Estado de São Paulo(2005)"
Keywords in Portuguese
terapia diretamente observada
tuberculose
Abstract in Portuguese
O Tratamento Supervisionado consiste num dos melhores instrumentos disponíveis na luta contra a Tuberculose. Assim propôs-se analisar a organização do Tratamento Supervisionado nos 36 municípios prioritários do Estado de São Paulo. Para o alcance dos objetivos utilizou-se uma abordagem qualitativa, que buscou entender o significado do fenômeno individual ou coletivo para a vida das pessoas, selecionando-se para este fim todos os coordenadores dos municípios prioritários do Estado de São Paulo. A técnica utilizada na análise dos dados foi analise de conteúdo, modalidade temática, evidenciando-se dois núcleos de sentido centrais: Aspectos técnicos-operacionais na execução do Tratamento Supervisionado e Estratégias de Intervenção para Adesão do paciente. Em relação ao primeiro núcleo, verificou-se que em 13 (59%) dos municípios não utilizam critérios para a inserção do paciente em TS, 13 (59%) determinam à freqüência de supervisão, seguindo normas ou protocolos institucionais, 18 (81%) dos municípios realizam a supervisão da ingesta medicamentosa predominantemente em Unidades de Saúde, sendo que na maioria desses, não há possibilidade da realização do TS no domicílio, em casos de impossibilidade do paciente deslocar até o serviço. A supervisão medicamentosa em 11 (50%) dos municípios prioritários é realizada, exclusivamente, por profissionais de saúde, entretanto importantes atores estão se integrando ao TS, como membros da família, da comunidade e Agentes Comunitários de Saúde. No que se refere ao segundo núcleo, nota-se que uma das estratégias de intervenção lançadas pelas equipes consiste na entrega de incentivos e benefícios, demonstrando as relações de solidariedade entre profissionais de saúde e paciente, observando-se assim que as relações de acolhimento e vínculo são os pilares principais para as equipes que buscam a adesão do paciente. Destaca-se ainda, que a relação de vínculo, faz com que as equipes ao realizar o TS, sintam-se tão próximas do paciente, que num processo de transferência, sentem-se responsáveis por todas as suas necessidades. Um ponto ainda a ser destacado como estratégia de adesão, corresponde a própria flexibilidade das equipes, durante a realização do TS, respeitando as escolhas dos pacientes. Conclui-se, portanto que o TS deve ser realizado dentro de um espírito democrático, tendo como protagonista principal o próprio paciente, assumindo a responsabilidade na regularidade da ingestão medicamentosa, mas dentro de uma conformação de respeito e empatia.
Title in English
The Directly Observed Therapy organization in counties with priority, in the Sao Paulo State (2005).
Keywords in English
directly observed therapy
tuberculosis
Abstract in English
The Directly Observed Therapy (DOT) is one of the best available instruments used in the struggle against Tuberculosis. There for, it was intended to analyze the Directly Observed Therapy Organization, in the 36 priority counties, in the Sao Paulo State. To achieve the objectives, it was used a qualitative approach, that did not intent to understand the phenomenon, but instead, to understand the individual or collective meaning that had for the people life; for this purpose, were selected all the coordinators in the priority counties, in the Sao Paulo State. The data was analyzed using the Content Analyzes method - Thematic Mode; two central cores were emphasized: Technical-Operational Aspects in the Directly Observed Therapy Execution and Intervention Strategies Seeking the Patient Adhesion. Related to the first core, it was found that, in 13 (59%) counties, did not utilize criteria to include the patients in the DOT; 13 (59%) counties established supervision frequencies, following institutional norms and protocols; 18 (81%) counties supervised the drugs intake, specially, in the Health Units; when the patient could not attend the Unit, it was not possible to realize the DOT at their homes. The drugs intake supervision, in 11 (50%) priority counties, was controlled exclusively by the health professionals; however, other important actors were joining the DOT, such as family members, community members and Community Health Workers. In the second core, was perceived a strategy, developed by the team, that works thru benefits and incentives, demonstrating the relations of solidarity between the health professionals and the patients, and also, that the relationships created during the reception and the bonds of linkage were the main tools to be used by the teams to seek the patients adhesion. Even further, it was highlighted that the bond that links professionals and patients, made that the teams, when performing the DOT, felt very close to the patients, and in a transfer process, the team felt responsible by all the patients needs. Another point to be highlighted, as an adhesion strategy, was the team flexibility, demonstrated during the DOT, when it considered the patients preferences. It was concluded, that the DOT must be realized with a democratic spirit, having as it main actor the patient itself, who must ingest the medicine and accept the responsibility of this action – all this developed in an environment of respect and empathy.
 
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Publishing Date
2006-04-04
 
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