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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.3.1991.tde-22032024-104016
Document
Author
Full name
Ricardo Matone
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 1991
Supervisor
Committee
Moscato, Lucas Antonio (President)
Cabral, Eduardo Lobo Lustosa
Elfes, Alberto
Title in Portuguese
Métodos numéricos para cinemática inversa de robôs manipuladores.
Keywords in Portuguese
Algoritmos numéricos
Cinemática
Robôs
Abstract in Portuguese
Neste trabalho faz-se um estudo sobre técnicas de modelagem e sobre algoritmos numéricos para cinemática inversa de robôs manipuladores. Assim, analisa-se três classes de métodos: baseados no Newton-Raphson, métodos que não necessitam inverter matrizes (baseados na transposta do Jacobiano) e métodos que solucionam a cinemática inversa para manipuladores redundantes. Quando estuda-se os métodos baseados no de Newton-Raphson, propõe-se uma adaptação que aumentam a sua velocidade para casos de trajetória (método de Newton-Raphson adaptado); quando estuda-se algoritmos para manipuladores redundantes, propõe-se utilizar a ideia de Sciavicco e Siciliano, que consiste em introduzir equações adicionais em um sistema redundante, de forma a torná-lo determinado e a trazer a solução do sistema original para alguma faixa de interesse (segundo o critério que se deseje otimizar), em conjunto com o método de Newton-Raphson adaptado, de forma a gerar um algoritmo mais eficiente que o original (método híbrido). Ao final, aplica-se o método híbrido no desenvolvimento de um simulador cinemático para o sistema robô de 6 graus de liberdade visando aumentar o seu volume de trabalho, como aproveitar a introdução do trilho para gerar trajetórias otimizadas no espaço de juntas, dada uma trajetória em termos de coordenadas de posição e orientação do efetuador?
Title in English
Untitled in english
Keywords in English
Kinematics
Numerical algorithms
Robots
Abstract in English
This work presents a study about modelling technics and numerical algorithms for solving the inverse kinematics of robot manipulators. Three classes of methods are analized for the solution of this problem: (1) Newton-Raphson based methods; (2) methods that dont require matrix inversion (transpose Jacobian based algorithms); and (3) methods for redundant manipulators. As adaptation which increases the computational speed of Newton-Raphson based methods in the case of trajectories is proposed (adapted Newton-Raphson method). For redundant manipulators it is proposed to use the Sciavicco and Siciliano idea with the adapted Newton-Raphson method in order to generate a more eficiente algorithm (hibrid method). The Sciavicco and Siciliano idea consists of putting additional equations in a redundant system so that the resulting system would be determinated. The additional equations imposes a new condition to the redundant manipulator according to some pre-established criteria. The criteria used in this work are: obstacle avoiding and limits for the joint coordinates. At the end it is applied the hibrid method in the development of a kinematic simulator for the ASEA IRBL6 robot (with 6 degrees of freedom ) + track system. The purpose of the simulator is to solve a problem frequently found in flexible manufacturing cells and systems, which is: supposing that a 6 degree of freedom robot is adapted in a track, how to make use of the new degree of freedom to generate optimized trajectories in joint coordinates space, given a trajectory in terms of end effector position and orientation?
 
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Publishing Date
2024-03-22
 
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