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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.3.2008.tde-02062008-165709
Document
Author
Full name
Kleberson Ricardo de Oliveira Pereira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2008
Supervisor
Committee
Valenzuela Díaz, Francisco Rolando (President)
Büchler, Pedro Maurício
Dweck, Jo
Rodrigues, Meiry Gláucia Freire
Toffoli, Samuel Márcio
Title in Portuguese
Estudo, em escala de laboratório, do uso de argilas do tipo bofe na obtenção de argilas organofílicas e ativadas.
Keywords in Portuguese
Argilas (características; aplicações )
Argilas (tratamento químico)
Argilas ativadas
Argilas organofílicas
Abstract in Portuguese
Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento da tese intitulada: Estudo, em escala de laboratório, do uso de argilas do tipo Bofe na obtenção de argilas organofílicas e ativadas. Argilas do tipo esmectítico são as de maior utilização industrial, sendo considerada a mais interessante das argilas industriais. Todavia em diversos casos faz-se necessário submetê-las a tratamentos químicos para desenvolver suas potencialidades. Para o desenvolvimento da tese foram utilizadas quatro amostras de argilas do tipo Bofe, provenientes de jazidas localizadas no município de Boa Vista, PB. Esse tipo de argila, apesar de ser bastante abundante, possui baixo valor econômico dada a dificuldade de obter produtos com propriedades adequadas a partir delas. Neste estudo utilizamos dois tipos de tratamentos, para verificar a potencialidade destas argilas, que foram: ativação ácida e organofilização. Para ativação ácida, foi utilizado o ácido clorídrico com diferentes tempos de reação, variando de uma hora até sete dias e com estas amostras avaliou-se o poder descorante em óleo de soja. Para a organofilização foram utilizados três sais quaternários de amônio e com as argilas organofílicas obtidas realizou-se teste de sorção em solventes orgânicos. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o tratamento ácido em argilas, com tempos de reação muito longos, promove destruição significativa da estrutura do argilomineral esmectítico. As argilas na sua forma natural apresentaram, no descoramento de óleo de soja, comportamento superior ao de argilas industriais ativadas de alto desempenho o que potencializa o uso das argilas tipo Bofe como materiais descorantes naturais (terras fuller). Em relação à organofilização, observou-se a eficiência no tratamento aplicado, visto o aumento do espaçamento interplanar, medido por difração de raios-X e da alta capacidade de sorção de óleo Diesel e Tolueno dos materiais organofílicos obtidos.
Title in English
Study, at laboratory scale, of the use of the Bofe type clay to obtain organophilic and activated clays.
Keywords in English
Acid treatment
Organophillic modification
Smectite clay
Abstract in English
This work present the development of the entitled thesis: Study, at laboratory scale, of the use of the Bofe type clay to obtain organophillic and activated clays. Clays of the smectite type are of the bigger industrial use, being considered most interesting of the clay minerals. However, becomes necessary to submit it to chemical treatments for develop its potentialities. For the development of the research four samples of clay from the Bofe type had been used, proceeding from deposits located in areas near to the city of Boa Vista, PB. This type of clays, in spite of they be quite abundant, possess low economic value because the difficulty to obtain products with adequate properties starting from them. In this study to verify the potentiality of these clays we used two types of treatments. Those treatments were: acid activation and organophillic modification. For the acid activation treatment, hydrochloric acid was used with different times of reaction, varying from one hour up to seven days and with the obtained samples the fade power was evaluated in soy oil. To the organophillic modification treatment three quaternary ammonium salts were used. With the samples of the treated clays were made sorption in organic solvents tests. The obtained results indicate that the acid treatment in clays, with very long times of reaction, promotes significant destruction of the structure of the smectite clay mineral. Clays in its natural form presented, in the soy oil fade, superior behavior to the one of industrial activated clays of high performance, that indicates the potential of use of the type Bofe clays as natural bleacher material (fuller's earth). In relation to the organophillic modification, it was observed efficiency in the applied treatment, seen the increase of the interplane spacing, measured by X ray diffraction and the high capacity of sorption of Diesel oil and Toluene of the gotten organophillic materials indicating its potential of use in the sorption of hydrocarbons.
 
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Publishing Date
2008-07-03
 
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