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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.3.2019.tde-04022019-094854
Document
Author
Full name
Arthur Colombini Gusmão
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2018
Supervisor
Committee
Cozman, Fabio Gagliardi (President)
Cartolano Junior, Etienne Américo
Gonçalves, Bernardo Nunes
Title in English
Interpreting embedding models of knowledge bases.
Keywords in English
Embedding models
Explainable AI
Interpretability
Knowledge bases
Knowledge graphs
Relational machine learning
Abstract in English
Knowledge bases are employed in a variety of applications, from natural language processing to semantic web search; alas, in practice, their usefulness is hurt by their incompleteness. To address this issue, several techniques aim at performing knowledge base completion, of which embedding models are efficient, attain state-of-the-art accuracy, and eliminate the need for feature engineering. However, embedding models predictions are notoriously hard to interpret. In this work, we propose model-agnostic methods that allow one to interpret embedding models by extracting weighted Horn rules from them. More specifically, we show how the so-called "pedagogical techniques", from the literature on neural networks, can be adapted to take into account the large-scale relational aspects of knowledge bases, and show experimentally their strengths and weaknesses.
Title in Portuguese
Interpretando modelos de embedding de bases de conhecimento.
Keywords in Portuguese
Aprendizado computacional
Conhecimento
IA explicável
Interpretabilidade
Modelos de incorporação
Abstract in Portuguese
Bases de conhecimento apresentam diversas aplicações, desde processamento de linguagem natural a pesquisa semântica da web; contudo, na prática, sua utilidade é prejudicada por não serem totalmente completas. Para solucionar esse problema, diversas técnicas focam em completar bases de conhecimento, das quais modelos de embedding são eficientes, atingem estado da arte em acurácia, e eliminam a necessidade de fazer-se engenharia de características dos dados de entrada. Entretanto, as predições dos modelos de embedding são notoriamente difíceis de serem interpretadas. Neste trabalho, propomos métodos agnósticos a modelo que permitem interpretar modelos de embedding através da extração de regras Horn ponderadas por pesos dos mesmos. Mais espeficicamente, mostramos como os chamados "métodos pedagógicos", da literatura de redes neurais, podem ser adaptados para lidar com os aspectos relacionais e de larga escala de bases de conhecimento, e mostramos experimentalmente seus pontos fortes e fracos.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-02-13
 
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