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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.41.2024.tde-02072024-110246
Document
Author
Full name
Basil Minder
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2024
Supervisor
Committee
Grant, Taran (President)
Pilon, Alan Cesar
Pimenta, Daniel Carvalho
Title in Portuguese
Hidroxilação do PTX (+)-251D em Adelphobates galactonotus (Anura: Dendrobatidae)
Keywords in Portuguese
Adelphobates galactonotus
Espectrometria de massa
Hidroxilação
pumiliotoxina
Sapos venenosos
Abstract in Portuguese
A tese apresenta um estudo abrangente sobre as vias bioquímicas de modificação de alcaloides em Adel- phobates galactonotus, espécie notável pela capacidade única de alterar alcaloides ingeridos, especifica- mente a hidroxilação da pumiliotoxina PTX (+)-251D para allopumiliotoxina aPTX (+)-267A. Utiliza uma abordagem metodológica multifacetada, integrando extração em fase sólida (SPE) para purificação dos alcaloides e espectrometria de massa em tandem com ionização por electrospray (ESI-MS/MS) para análise estrutural, além de exame detalhado do processamento metabólico nos diversos órgãos. Foram conduzidos experimentos fundamentais para investigar os órgãos envolvidos no processo de hidroxilação e para eluci- dar os padrões de translocação desses alcaloides nos sapos venenosos. As descobertas fornecem insights significativos sobre as vias metabólicas no metabolismo de alcaloides, ressaltando o papel crucial do fígado e da pele na rápida absorção e transformação desses compostos, e dos corpos gordurosos como locais de absorção. Mapeando os padrões de translocação, esta pesquisa avança o entendimento dos mecanismos de defesa química dos anuros, oferecendo perspectivas inéditas sobre as adaptações evolutivas que facilitam a sequestração e modificação dos alcaloides. Os resultados contribuem para o campo da herpetologia e bioquímica e trazem implicações potenciais para a pesquisa farmacológica, destacando a complexidade das estratégias de defesa química dos sapos venenosos e abrindo caminho para futuras investigações sobre a importância ecológica e evolutiva da modificação dos alcaloides.
Title in English
Hydroxylation of PTX (+)-251D in Adelphobates galactonotus (Anura: Dendrobatidae)
Keywords in English
Adelphobates galactonotus
Hydroxylation
Mass spectrometry
Poison frogs
pumiliotoxin
Abstract in English
This thesis presents a comprehensive study on the biochemical pathways of alkaloid modification in Adel- phobates galactonotus, a species renowned for its unique ability to modify ingested alkaloids, specifically the hydroxylation of pumiliotoxin PTX (+)-251D into allopumiliotoxin aPTX (+)-267A. The study employs a multifaceted methodological approach, integrating solid-phase extraction (SPE) for alkaloid purification and including gas-phase fragmentation reactions in advanced electrospray ionization tandem mass spec- trometry (ESI-MS/MS) for structural analysis and a detailed examination of metabolic processing within various organs. Two core experiments were conducted to investigate the organs involved in the hydroxyla- tion process and to elucidate the translocation patterns of these alkaloids within poison frogs. The findings reveal significant insights into the metabolic pathways engaged in alkaloid metabolism, highlighting the liver and skins crucial roles in the rapid absorption and transformation of these compounds, as well as the fat bodies as site of absorption. By mapping the translocation patterns of these alkaloids this research advances our understanding of anuran chemical defense mechanisms, providing novel perspectives on the evolutionary adaptations that facilitates sequestration and modification of alkaloids. The outcomes not only contribute to the field of herpetology and biochemistry but also offer potential implications for pharma- cological research. This thesis underscores the complexity of chemical defense strategies in poison frogs, paving the way for future investigations into the ecological and evolutionary significance of alkaloid modi- fication.
 
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Basil_Minder.pdf (18.92 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2024-07-02
 
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