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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.47.2013.tde-22112013-163002
Document
Author
Full name
Diego Zilio Alves
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2013
Supervisor
Committee
Hunziker, Maria Helena Leite (President)
Carrara, Kester
Carvalho Neto, Marcus Bentes de
Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de
Teixeira, João de Fernandes
Title in Portuguese
Análise do comportamento e neurociências: em busca de uma possível síntese
Keywords in Portuguese
Análise do comportamento
Behaviorismo radical
Filosofia da ciência
Mecanicismo
Mecanismo
Neurociências
Skinner
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo deste trabalho foi delinear uma proposta possível de síntese entre análise do comportamento e neurociências a partir do exame de seus fundamentos teóricofilosóficos. Para tanto, o primeiro passo da pesquisa consistiu na análise do posicionamento de Skinner acerca das explicações fisiológicas do comportamento. Essa análise foi realizada tendo em vista quatro questões centrais: (a) Quais são os argumentos apresentados pelo autor para justificar a autonomia da análise do comportamento perante as neurociências? (b) Quais são as suas críticas às explicações fisiológicas? (c) Quais são os interlocutores de Skinner em suas críticas? (d) Qual é, para Skinner, a real função das neurociências na explicação do comportamento? Após a realização desse estágio, procedemos à análise dos fundamentos teórico-filosóficos das neurociências, que teve como fio condutor duas metateorias presentes na área: a metateoria cognitivista, normalmente associada à neurociência cognitiva, e a metateoria mecanicista, ligada às neurociências celular e molecular. Concluímos que, ao contrário da metateoria cognitivista, que é plenamente incompatível com o behaviorismo radical, a metateoria mecanicista apresenta estratégias de pesquisa semelhantes às da análise do comportamento. Por fim, visando contribuir para o estabelecimento de um núcleo teórico-filosófico comum à análise do comportamento e às neurociências, encerramos o trabalho com reflexões acerca de tópicos pertinentes ao tema, estando entre eles a aproximação entre o behaviorismo radical e a metateoria mecanicista; a abordagem integrativa e descentralizadora denominada sistema comportamental; o operacionismo skinneriano e o significado dos termos psicológicos; e a importância da síntese entre análise do comportamento e neurociências
Title in English
Behavior analysis and neuroscience: in search of a possible synthesis
Keywords in English
Behavior analysis
Mechanism
Mechanistic philosophy
Neuroscience
Philosophy of science
Radical behaviorism
Skinner
Abstract in English
The aim of this work was to propose a possible synthesis between behavior analysis and neuroscience through the exam of its theoretical and philosophical foundations. To do so, we started by providing answers to the following questions regarding Skinners ideas about neuroscience: (a) What arguments did Skinner present in order to justify the independence of behavior analysis from physiology? (b) What were his criticisms against physiological explanations of behavior? (c) Who were the main targets of Skinners criticism? (d) What was for him the real function of neuroscience in the explanation of behavior? We proceeded then to the analysis of neurosciences theoretical and philosophical foundations. This analysis was based upon two main metatheories associated to the field: the cognitive metatheory, related to cognitive neuroscience, and the mechanistic metatheory, related to cellular and molecular neuroscience. We concluded that while cognitive metatheory is incompatible with behavior analysis, there are relevant similarities between the mechanistic thinking and radical behaviorism. The final chapter was dedicated to the discussion of some topics related to this matter, among which were the similarities between radical behaviorism and mechanistic metatheory; the integrative and decentralized approach called behavioral system; Skinners operationism and the meaning of psychological terms; and the very importance of the synthesis between behavior analysis and neuroscience to the explanation of behavior
 
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alves_do.pdf (4.23 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2013-12-13
 
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