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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.47.2016.tde-21092016-160454
Document
Author
Full name
Silvia Teresa Collakis
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2016
Supervisor
Committee
Tardivo, Leila Salomao de La Plata Cury (President)
Gil, Claudia Aranha
Vaisberg, Tania Maria Jose Aiello
Title in Portuguese
Estágio de psicopatologia: a experiência emocional de estudantes de Psicologia frente à psicose
Keywords in Portuguese
Ensino superior
Estágio
Psicose
Representação social
Saúde mental
Abstract in Portuguese
Este trabalho examina a experiência de estagiários do curso de graduação de Psicologia, na disciplina de Psicopatologia: Aspectos Teóricos e Prática Clínica, em seu primeiro contato com a doença mental. O ensino da psicopatologia e a formação do futuro psicólogo estão inseridos em um contexto histórico-cultural que sofreu profundas transformações ao longo do tempo e se encontram atualmente na conjuntura da Reforma Psiquiátrica. A presente pesquisa pretende investigar e compreender a experiênciaemocional de estudantes de Psicologia que passaram pela experiência do estágio monitorado em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) e que tiveram contato, em modalidade clínica inspirada nas consultas terapêuticas de Winnicott, com pacientes psicóticos. Optou-se pelo uso da abordagem clínico-qualitativa, a partir de uma investigação fundamentada em uma leitura psicanalítica. Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-dirigidas com cinco estudantes que cursavam a disciplina, antes e depois da experiência de estágio. Também foram utilizados como material de análise os diários de campo produzidos por eles após cada atendimento. A técnica de tratamento dos dados foi a análise de conteúdo categorial ou temática.Os resultadosrevelaram que todos os alunos apresentavam um interesse prévio pelo tema da psicopatologia e esperavam aprofundar conteúdos de forma teórica e prática; construíam representações sociais da psicose baseadas no senso comum e na teoria/etiologia, bem como alicerçadastanto no modelo asilar quanto no modelo psicossocial. Durante o estágio, foram transformando suas preconcepções acerca do equipamento de saúde e da atuação profissional, reconhecendo novas possibilidades de cuidado para além da remissão de sintomas e da interpretação de conteúdos reprimidos. Os sentimentos mais recorrentes referidos foram os derivados do conflito, ainda que tenham emergido também sentimentos derivados dos instintos de morte e de vida, estes últimos de forma crescente ao longo dos atendimentos. A vivência parece ter sido essencial para transformar e desmistificar a forma com a qual concebiam o doente mental e também a sua visão do cuidado a ele oferecido, através da identificação com o sofrimento alheio e humanização da loucura; proporcionou reflexões dos alunos sobre o desejo e a vocação para o trabalho clínico e com casos-limite. Conclui-se que a experiência emocional dos estudantes de Psicologia carrega elementos cruciais para o processo de aprendizagem da psicopatologia e para a formação do futuro profissional; neste sentido, o trabalho didático não deve se restringir auma elaboração meramente intelectualizada ou que privilegie apenas os aspectos afetivos e patológicos do paciente atendido, mas deve tomar como central a experiência emocional do aluno
Title in English
Internship in Psychopathology: emotional experience of psychology students when exposed to psychosis
Keywords in English
Higher education
Internship
Mental health
Psychosis
Social representation
Abstract in English
This study examines the experience of students enrolled in the Psychology Graduation Course, during their first contacts with mental illness while being trained in the subject of Psychopathology: Theoretical Aspects and Clinical Practice. The teaching of this subject and the training of future psychologists must be viewed in a cultural and historical context that has gone through profound transformations over a period of time and is presently in the midst of a Psychiatric Reform movement. The purpose of this research is to investigate and to understand the emotional experience of Psychology students who have participated in monitored sessions, as trainees, at a Psycho-social Support Centre (locally known as Centro de Atenção Psicossocial - CAPS) and who have had contact with psychotic patients during the course of treatment sessions, of a clinical nature based on Winnicotts therapeutic consultations. A clinical and qualitative approach was chosen, supported by an investigation based on a psychoanalytical vision. Five students, that were studying this subject, participated in semi-directed interviews, both before and after the internship. The field notes taken by them after each therapy session were also analysed. The technique for data treatment was by content analysis that was both by category and thematic. The results revealed that every one of the students had a prior interest in the subject of psychopathology and that these students had expected to increase their knowledge of the theoretical and practical aspects of it; they created social representations of psychosis based on common sense and on theoretical / etiological bases, be it in an institutional context or in a psycho-social one. During their internship period they transformed their preconceptions regarding the means for health treatment as well as of professional performance. They recognised fresh treatment possibilities besides the remission of symptoms and the interpretation of repressed contents. The most recurrent sentiments mentioned were derived from conflict, although sentiments derived from death and life instinctsalso emerged, the latter increasingly as the treatment progressed. The internship experience appears to have been crucial to transform and to demystify the manner in which the students envisaged the mental patient, as well as the treatment which this patient should be given, by identifying with someone elses suffering and humanising mental illness. The internship provided an opportunity for the students to reflect on their desire and their vocation to engage in clinical work, in treating extreme cases. The conclusion is reached that the Psychology students emotional experience contains crucial elements which contribute to learning in Psychopathology and to the formation of the future professionals. In this sense, the task of teaching should not be restricted to a mere intellectual exercise or to the emotional and pathological aspects of the patient, but must put the students emotional experience at the centre of the stage
 
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Publishing Date
2016-09-29
 
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