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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.47.2024.tde-25072024-144632
Document
Author
Full name
Anaise Rodrigues Andrade Shigue
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2024
Supervisor
Committee
Nogueira, Maria Ines (President)
Gualtieri, Mirella
Silva, Nina Claudia Barboza da
Teixeira, Lívia Clemente Motta
Title in Portuguese
A Neurociência na medicina tradicional Ayurveda e suas relações com a compreensão cérebro-mente na ciência ocidental
Keywords in Portuguese
Ayurveda
Cérebro-mente
Neuroanatomia
Neurociências
PICS
Abstract in Portuguese
Nas últimas décadas houve crescente interesse do público, em geral, pelas medicinas tradicionais complementares e integrativas (MTCI), reconhecidas pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). No Brasil, o Ayurveda, medicina indiana e tema central desta pesquisa, foi aprovado em 2017 como uma Prática Complementar e integrativa em saúde (PICS). Para investigar correlações já existentes entre o Ayurveda e as neurociências assim como a compreensão ou eventuais relações com o tema cérebro-mente foram considerados como referenciais teóricos principalmente de: Dominik Wujastyk, Philip Maas, Kenneth Zysk e Matthew Wolfgram, este último, proponente da teoria do paralelismo médico (2009). Ademais, foram realizadas entrevistas com 25 profissionais divididos em 3 grupos: A (n=10) médicos Ayurvédicos (Vaidyas) indianos e estrangeiros; B (n=10) profissionais de Ayurveda fora da Índia e C (n=5) profissionais que atuam em centros referenciais que utilizam medicinas complementares e integrativas no Brasil. Foi adotada uma abordagem de análise de cruzamento de informações resultantes do referencial teórico e entrevistas. Assim, concluiu-se que não seria possível realizar tal correlação morfofuncional devido à ausência de conhecimento do Ayurveda Clássico (período referenciado neste trabalho) pertinentes a anatomia e fisiologia do cérebro e sistema nervoso e seus detalhes, embora interessantes teorias sobre a mente tenham sido desenvolvidas mesmo sem tais conhecimentos. Ainda foi possível constatar que após o período clássico, houve apropriação de terminologia e conhecimentos da anatomia e fisiologia ocidental pelo Ayurveda, ocorrendo majoritariamente de maneira conjectural, causando discrepâncias e inconsistências que dificultam o entendimento, ensino e aplicação do Ayurveda dentro e fora da Índia, fato confirmado pelas entrevistas e que corrobora o paralelismo médico de Wolfgram. Investigações futuras poderão testar tais conjecturas e se estas representam significativo entrave em termos de metodologias de pesquisa e de compreensão de potenciais contribuições desta medicina tradicional para a saúde global de maneira verdadeiramente complementar e integrativa.
Title in English
Neuroscience in Ayurveda traditional medicine and its correlations with mind-brain understanding in western science
Keywords in English
Ayurveda
Mind-brain
Neuroanatomy
Neurosciences
TCIM
Abstract in English
In recent decades there has been a growing interest of the general public in traditional complementary and integrative medicines (TCIM) which are recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO). Ayurveda, traditional Indian medicine and the main topic of the study was included by the Brazilian government as an integrative and complementary health practice in one resolution of 2017. In order to investigate probable correlations between Ayurveda and Neurosciences and moreover any possible mind-brain understanding in this context, were considered as theoretical reference mostly the previous research of Dominik Wujastyk, Philip Maas, Kenneth Zysk and Matthew Wolfgram, the late with his medical parallelism theory (2009). For this purpose, in addition to the theoretical framework, interviews were conducted with 25 professionals divided into two groups: A (n=10) Vaidyas (Ayurvedic doctors), B (n=10) Ayurveda professionals outside India, mostly in Brazil and C (n=5) TCIM coordinators in Brazilian reference centers. The qualitative analysis crosschecked the results of interviews and the theoretical reference. Results found that was not possible such correlation due to the lack of anatomical and physiological knowledge of the brain structures and the nervous system during the classical period of Ayurveda, although some interesting theories about the mind were developed. Also, we can conclude that the appropriation of terminologies and knowledge of modern Science occurs for decades, but only in a conjecture way not validated by scientific methods which leads to inconsistencies and discrepancies causing cognitive dissonance in students and practitioners also making more difficult the understanding, teaching and practice of Ayurveda inside and outside India, fact pointed out by the interviews that also confirms Wolfgram's medical parallelism. Future investigations will show if such conjectures can also be a contributive factor for the lack of methodologies of research in Ayurveda and if that omits or makes unclear the real potential contributions of this traditional medicine to global health.
 
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Publishing Date
2024-07-25
 
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