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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2019.tde-21082019-144154
Document
Author
Full name
Eduardo Leal Adam
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Gowdak, Luís Henrique Wolff (President)
Mangione, José Armando
Pinto, Ibraim Masciarelli Francisco
Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação de doença arterial coronária pela tomografia computadorizada combinada à perfusão miocárdica em pacientes com insuficiência renal crônica dialítica
Keywords in Portuguese
Angiografia coronária
Angiografia por tomografia computadorizada
Doenca das coronárias
Imagem de perfusão do miocárdio
Insuficiência renal crônica
Transplante de rim
Abstract in Portuguese
Introdução: Pacientes com doença renal crônica terminal (DRCT) apresentam elevada prevalência de doença cardiovascular, sendo esta a principal causa de óbitos na população em diálise e após o transplante renal. Entretanto, a doença arterial coronária (DAC) é frequentemente assintomática em pacientes com DRCT e os exames não invasivos apresentam baixa acurácia diagnóstica nesses pacientes em relação à população geral. Objetivos: Determinar a performance diagnóstica da angiotomografia de artérias coronárias combinada à perfusão miocárdica pela tomografia (TC-AP) em pacientes com DRCT. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo, aberto, unicêntrico. Foram incluídos pacientes com DRCT em terapia de substituição renal, candidatos ao transplante renal com mais um fator de risco cardiovascular: idade >= 50 anos, diabetes ou história de doença cardiovascular. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à coronariografia invasiva (CI) e à TC-AP. A aquisição das imagens tomográficas foi realizada durante estresse com dipiridamol e em repouso. Os resultados obtidos na TC-AP foram comparados aos da CI, considerada o padrão-ouro para diagnóstico de DAC. Foi realizada medida da reserva de fluxo fracionada (FFR) durante a CI em lesões obstrutivas classificadas visualmente como intermediárias. Baseado nos resultados da TC-AP e da CI (±FFR), os pacientes foram classificados como portadores ou não de DAC significativa e a análise foi feita por paciente. Os investigadores responsáveis pela análise da TC-AP não tiveram acesso aos resultados da CI (±FFR). Resultados: Entre julho de 2015 e janeiro de 2018, 64 pacientes (idade média 56,9 ± 9,2 anos; 67,2% do sexo masculino; 85,9% diabéticos) realizaram CI e TC-AP. A prevalência de DAC significativa na CI foi de 34,4%. Na comparação com a CI, os valores de sensibilidade e especificidade, valor preditivo positivo, valor preditivo negativo e a acurácia da TC-AP foram, respectivamente, 95,5%, 88,1%, 80,8%, 97,4% e 90,6%. As razões de verossimilhança positiva e negativa foram de 8,02 e 0,05, respectivamente. Conclusão: Um único exame baseado na tomografia computadorizada, associando angiografia coronária e perfusão miocárdica, apresentou elevada acurácia no diagnóstico de DAC obstrutiva significativa na população com DRCT candidata ao transplante renal. Essa estratégia poderá ser considerada na avaliação de DAC em pacientes com DRCT
Title in English
Evaluation of coronary artery disease by computed tomography angiography combined with myocardial perfusion in patients with end-stage renal disease on dialysis
Keywords in English
Computed tomography angiography
Coronary angiography
Coronary disease
Kidney transplantation
Myocardial perfusion imaging
Renal insufficiency chronic
Abstract in English
Introduction: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have a high prevalence of cardiovascular disease, which is the main cause of death in patients on dialysis or after kidney transplantation. However, coronary artery disease (CAD) is often asymptomatic in patients with ESRD, and noninvasive tests have a lower diagnostic accuracy in this scenario when compared to that in the general population. Objective: To determine the diagnostic performance of computed tomography (CT) angiography combined with myocardial perfusion (CT-AP) in the diagnosis of CAD in patients with ESRD. Methods: This was a prospective, single-center study. Patients with ESRD on renal replacement therapy, candidates for kidney transplantation, with at least one additional risk factor for cardiovascular disease (age >= 50 years, diabetes or previous cardiovascular disease) were included. All patients underwent invasive coronary angiography (ICA) and CT-AP. CT image acquisition was performed during dipyridamole-induced stress and at rest. Results of CT-AP were compared to those obtained on ICA, considered the gold standard for diagnosis of CAD. Fractional flow reserve (FFR) was measured during ICA for obstructive lesions visually graded as intermediate. Based on the results of CT-AP and ICA (±FFR), patients were classified as having significant or nonsignificant obstructive CAD, and analyses were performed at the patient level. Investigators responsible for the analysis of CT-AP were blinded to the findings of ICA (±FFR). Results: Between July 2015 and January 2018, 64 patients (mean age 56.9 ± 9.2 years; 67.2% male; 85.9% with diabetes) underwent ICA and CT-AP. Significant CAD was observed in 34.4% of patients on ICA. Compared to ICA, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy of CT-AP were 95.5%, 88.1%, 80.8%, 97.4%, and 90.6%, respectively. Positive and negative likelihood ratios were 8.02 and 0.05, respectively. Conclusion: A single test based on CT angiography and myocardial perfusion had a high accuracy for the diagnosis of significant obstructive CAD in patients with ESRD being evaluated for kidney transplantation. This strategy may be considered in the assessment of CAD in patients with ESRD
 
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Publishing Date
2019-08-21
 
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