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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2010.tde-27082010-180854
Document
Author
Full name
André Luís Freire Portes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2010
Supervisor
Committee
Monteiro, Mario Luiz Ribeiro (President)
Couto Junior, Abelardo de Souza
Miguel, Nádia Campos de Oliveira
Motta, Mário Martins dos Santos
Yamane, Yoshifumi
Title in Portuguese
Análise da ação do azul do tripano a 0,1% na cápsula anterior e no epitélio subcapsular do cristalino: estudo imunohistoquímico e ultraestrutural
Keywords in Portuguese
Apoptose
Autofagia
Azul tripano
Cápsula do cristalino
Catarata
Epitélio subcapsular
Morte celular
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a cápsula e o epitéilo subcapsular cristaliniano (ESC) de pacientes submetidos à capsulotomia curvilínea contínua (CCC) utilizando o corante azul de tripano (AT) a 0,1%, através de microscopia óptica (MO), da técnica TUNEL, de imunohistoquímica e de microscopia eletrônica transmissão (MET). Realizamos um estudo prospectivo, controlado e randomizado utilizando 30 amostras de cápsulas e ESC obtidos de pacientes após CCC durante cirurgia de facectomia. Essas amostras foram divididas em dois grupos (15 espécimes cada) um utilizando o AT (grupo experimental) no ato cirúrgico e o outro sem o uso do corante (grupo controle). As cápsulas e o ESC destes grupos foram fixados e processados para análises estruturais posteriores com técnicas de MO de rotina, técnica TUNEL para detecção de morte celular por apoptose, imunohistoquímica para analisar a expressão da beclina-1 (um marcador de morte celular por autofagia), além de análise ultraestrutural por meio da MET. Foram realizadas análises morfométricas das imagens de microscopia após captura e digitalização, utilizando o programa Image Pró Plus (Cybernetics®, USA). Foram encontrados resultados positivos para a expressão de morte celular por apoptose e por autofagia no grupo submetido ao uso do AT, enquanto que no grupo controle os resultados foram negativos. As análises através da MET do ESC mostraram alterações em células coradas com o AT, incluindo ruptura mitocondrial, dilatação das cisternas do retículo endoplasmático, aumento da elétrondensidade citoplasmática e nuclear, e alteração no perfil nuclear. Os resultados estatísticos obtidos pelo teste de Mann-Whitney a partir da morfometria obtida de micrografias, demonstraram diferenças morfológicas significativas entre os grupos estudados, tanto nas dimensões dos maiores eixos nucleares, quanto na relação perímetro/área do núcleo celular (p=0,03). Em relação à espessura da cápsula, do epitélio subcapsular e do conjunto dessas estruturas obtidas a partir da MO de rotina não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos (p= 0,1). O AT provoca no ESC toxicidade celular com sinais indicativos de morte celular. Observamos nos aspectos morfológicos e moleculares morte celular tanto pelo mecanismo de apoptose quanto de autofagia. A partir destes achados podemos sugerir que a ação do AT, talvez possa ajudar a prevenir ou reduzir a opacificação da cápsula posterior do cristalino no período pós-operatório das facectomias
Title in English
Trypan blue 0.1% action analysis on anterior capsule and lens epithelial cells: immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural study
Keywords in English
Apoptosis
Autophagy
Cataract
Cell death
Lens capsule
Lens epithelial cells
Trypan blue
Abstract in English
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of trypan blue (TB) 0.1% staining on lens epithelial cells (LECs) and capsules of patients undergoing capsulorhexis using routine optical microscopy (OM), TUNEL technique, immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In a prospective controlled and randomized study we evaluated 30 samples of capsules with LECs obtained after capsulorhexis during cataract surgery. Samples were randomly assigned to one of two groups (15 specimens each), one submitted to TB (experimental group) during the surgery and the other without the dye (control group). The capsule and the LECs of both groups were fixed and processed for later structural analysis with routine optical microscopy, immunohistochemistry for beclin-1 expression (a marker of cell death by autophagy), and the TUNEL technique to detect apoptosis, in addition to ultra-structural analysis by TEM. Morphometrical analysis were performed by using the Image Pro Plus software (Cybernetics®, USA). In the TB-stained group we have found positive results for the expression of cell death by autophagy and apoptosis while in the control group the results were negative. Analysis of LEC by TEM showed abnormalities in TB-stained cells including mitochondrial disruption, dilation of the endoplasmic reticulum cisterns, increased cytoplasmic and nuclear electron density and abnormalities in the nuclear profile. Statistical analysis using the Mann-Whitney test on morphometric data from micrographies showed significant morphologic differences between the two groups, both regarding longest nuclear axis difference and the ratio between the total nuclear perimeter and the cell area (p=0.03). No statistically significant difference was observed in capsule thickness, the LEC and the grouping of these two structures obtained from routine OM (p=0.1). Trypan blue is toxic to LECs, and cause abnormalities indicative of cell death. We observed molecular and morphologic aspects of cell death both by the mechanism of apoptosis and autophagy. Our findings lend support to the hypothesis that staining with 0.1% TB can help prevent or reduce the incidence of posterior capsule opacification following cataract surgery
 
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Publishing Date
2010-08-27
 
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