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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.5.2009.tde-08092009-112640
Document
Author
Full name
Guilherme Guimarães Dias
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2009
Supervisor
Committee
Siqueira, José Tadeu Tesseroli de (President)
Camparis, Cinara Maria
Santos, Maria Teresa Botti Rodrigues dos
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação da efetividade de um programa de controle de placa dento bacteriana em pacientes autistas
Keywords in Portuguese
Autismo
Índice de higiene oral simplificado
Placa bacteriana/prevenção e controle
Saúde bucal
Abstract in Portuguese
O autismo surge nos estágios precoces do desenvolvimento e é caracterizado por déficit social, de linguagem e comportamento, sendo freqüente a ocorrência de retardo no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor. A saúde oral pode ser precária nessa população, pois a higiene é ineficaz; comprometendo principalmente a saúde periodontal. A prevenção de doenças bucais através do controle da placa bacteriana pode ser a melhor alternativa para promover e manter a saúde bucal, contribuindo para diminuir custos no setor público e melhorar a qualidade de vida destes pacientes. Foi objetivo deste estudo verificar a adesão e a efetividade de um programa de prevenção e controle de placa bacteriana em autistas e avaliar a condição de saúde bucal da amostra. Os pacientes foram avaliados cinco vezes, até concluir 180 dias. Os instrumentos de avaliação foram: IHOS (Índice de Higiene Oral Simplificado), índice CPO-D (somatória dos dentes cariados, perdidos em razão de cárie dentária e restaurados), técnica de escovação de Fonnes e lista para obtenção do diário alimentar. A média do CPO-D foi 2,2. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com a cooperação ao programa: Grupo A - cooperativos e Grupo B - não-cooperativos. A higiene oral melhorou estatisticamente (p<0,001) e 84,2% apresentaram higiene satisfatória ou regular ao final do estudo. O grupo A representou 57,9% dos pacientes e a média de idade destes foi significativamente maior que a do grupo B (p=0,02). Os grupos A e B apresentaram melhora da higiene (p<0,001 e p=0,004), porém ela foi significativamente maior nos cooperativos (p=0,009, p=0,013 e p<0,001). Conclusão: houve melhora da higiene oral em todos os pacientes, mas ela foi significativamente maior nos cooperativos, que por sua vez apresentaram maior idade.
Title in English
Evaluation of the efficacy of dental plaque control program in autistic patients
Keywords in English
Autism
Bacterial plaque/prevention & control
Oral health
Simplified oral hygiene index
Abstract in English
Autism appears in the first stages of development. Its features include social deficit, language deficits and behaviour alterations and, quite often, there is retardation of neuropsychomotor development. The oral health may be precarious within this population, as their hygiene habits are inefficient, with a negative effect mainly on periodontal health. The prevention of mouth disorders through bacterial plaque control seems to be the best alternative for promotion and maintenance of good oral health, helping to reduce costs in the public sector and also to improve the quality of life of these patients. The main objective of this study was to assess participation in, and effectiveness of, a programme for bacterial plaque control and prevention among autistic patients, and to assess the conditions of oral health for autistic patients. The patients were evaluated at five times, until a period of 180 days was reached. The following assessment instruments were used: OHI-S (Simplified Oral Hygiene Index), DMF-T index (decayed, missed and filled teeth), the Fonnes brushing technique and a list for informing the diet. DMF-T index showed a mean of 2.2. The patients were divided into two groups, according to the co-operation with the programme: Group A (co-operative) and Group B (non-cooperative). Oral hygiene showed a statistically significant improvement (p<0.001), with 84.2% showing fair or satisfactory hygiene at the end of the study. Group A represented 57.9% of the patients and had a mean age significantly higher than Group B (p=0.02). Groups A and B both showed improvements in hygiene (p<0.001 and p=0.004), but this was significantly higher among the co-operative patients (p=0.009, p=0.013 and p<0.001). Conclusion: There was a significant improvement in hygiene among all patients, but this was more significant among the co-operative patients, who also had a higher average age.
 
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Publishing Date
2009-09-10
 
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