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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2018.tde-02072018-151415
Document
Author
Full name
Vinicius Marcondes Rezende
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2017
Supervisor
Committee
Bendit, Israel (President)
Dörr, Fabiane
Giorgi, Ricardo Rodrigues
Mello, Monika Conchon Ribeiro de
Pereira, Juliana
Title in Portuguese
Monitoramento terapêutico de mesilato de imatinibe: relação entre níveis séricos e alcance de resposta molecular maior na leucemia mielóide crônica
Keywords in Portuguese
Biomarcadores
Cromatografia
Espectrometria de massas
Leucemia mieloide crônica
Mesilato de imatinib
Monitoramento de medicamentos
Proteínas tirosina quinases/inibidores
Resposta molecular
Abstract in Portuguese
Dentre os vários tipos de leucemia, destaca-se a Leucemia Mielóide Crônica (LMC), um distúrbio mieloproliferativo em que ocorre a translocação entre o gene BCR no cromossomo 22 e o gene ABL1 no cromossomo 9. Essa translocação cria um cromossomo conhecido como Philadelphia (t 9,22)(q34;q11), ou Ph+, e a consequente formação de um produto único de proteínas BCR-ABL1. Essa proteína tem atividade de quinase constitutiva e impulsiona a proliferação descontrolada de células tronco hematopoiéticas. O surgimento de uma nova classe farmacológica no início dos anos 2000 - os inibidores de tirosina quinases, revolucionou o tratamento e o prognóstico da LMC, permitindo que esse câncer fosse tratado praticamente como uma doença crônica, com farmacoterapia oral. A droga de estréia dessa classe, o Mesilato de Imatinib, foi desenvolvida através de modelagem molecular para ser alvo-específica, mas apesar do desenvolvimento exitoso, após o início da comercialização, foram observadas falhas na ação em determinados pacientes. Há evidências de que a avaliação da relação entre a dose de imatinibe (e seus níveis sanguíneos) e a eficácia do tratamento medida através das respostas Hematológica, Citogenética e Molecular, seja uma forma de realizar o ajuste da dose reduzindo efeitos colaterais e custo do tratamento. No presente estudo foram avaliadas as concentrações séricas de imatinib, Cmin e Cmax, em 51 pacientes com Leucemia Mielóide Crônica, dos quais 33 atingiram Resposta Molecular Maior em até 12 meses de tratamento, 11 levaram mais que 12 meses para antingir, e 7 não atingiram. As concentrações séricas obtidas desses pacientes indicaram que no grupo que atingiu RMM em até 12 meses, os valores de vale (Cmin) se apresentaram com mediana de 889.2 ng/mL (721.9 e 1202.4 para primeiro e terceiro quartis respectivamente), sendo que o grupo que levou mais de 12 meses para atingir RMM, a concentração mediana observada foi de 611.0 ng/mL (493.0 e 816.0 para primeiro e terceiro quartis respectivamente), sendo essa diferença estatisticamente significativa (p < 0.05). Dessa forma demonstrou-se a importância do monitoramento das concentrações séricas de imatinib para o ajuste da dose e para a gestão do tratamento na mudança para segunda geração de inibidores de tirosina quinase. Através da análise comparativa dos dados populacionais estudados, observou-se não haver correlação significativa entre as concentrações séricas e índice de massa corpórea (IMC), peso, idade ou sexo
Title in English
Therapeutic drug monitoring of imatinib mesylate: relationship between serum levels and the molecular outcome (as determined by major molecular response) in chronic myeloid leukemia
Keywords in English
Biomarkers
Chromatography
Chronic myeloid leukemia
Drug monitoring, Molecular response
Imatinib mesylate
Mass spectrometry
Protein-tyrosine kinases/inhibitors
Abstract in English
Among the various types of leukemia, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) stands out as a myeloproliferative disorder in which translocation occurs between the BCR gene on chromosome 22 and the ABL1 gene on chromosome 9. This translocation creates a chromosome known as Philadelphia (t 9,22) (q34; q11), or Ph +, and the consequent formation of a unique BCR-ABL1 protein product. This protein has constitutive kinase activity and drives the uncontrolled proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells. The launch of a new pharmacological class in the early 2000s - the tyrosine kinases inhibitors, revolutionized the treatment and prognosis of CML, allowing that cancer to be treated virtually as a chronic disease with oral pharmacotherapy. The newbie drug of this class, Imatinib Mesylate, was developed through molecular modeling to be target-specific, but despite the successful development, after the beginning of marketing, certain patients presented some failures in the response. There is an evidence that an assessment of the relationship between a dose of Imatinib (and its blood levels) and the efficacy of treatment from its Hematologic, Cytogenetic and Molecular Responses, is a really effective way to perform dose adjustment reducing side effects and cost of treatment. In the present study, the serum concentrations of Imatinib, Cmin and Cmax were evaluated in 51 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, of which 33 reached major molecular response in up to 12 months of treatment, 10 took more than 12 months to achieve it, and 7 did not reach that. The serum concentrations obtained from those patients indicated that in the group that reached Major Molecular Response (MMR) within 12 months, the trough level (Cmin) presented a median of 889.2 ng / mL (721.9 and 1202.4 for first and third quartiles, respectively), and the group which took more than 12 months to reach MMR, the median concentration observed was 611.0 ng / mL (493.0 and 816.0 for the first and third quartiles respectively), and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Thus, the importance of monitoring serum imatinib concentrations for dose adjustment and treatment management in switching to second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors has been demonstrated. Through the comparative analysis of the population data, there was no significant correlation between serum concentrations and body mass index (BMI), weight, age or gender
 
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Publishing Date
2018-07-03
 
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