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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.5.2015.tde-24112015-093206
Document
Author
Full name
Ricardo Teles Schulz
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2015
Supervisor
Committee
Maluf Filho, Fauze (President)
Gonzalez, Adriano Miziara
Malheiros, Carlos Alberto
Ribeiro Júnior, Ulysses
Zilberstein, Bruno
Title in Portuguese
Contribuição dos aspectos endoscópicos e ecoendoscópicos para o diagnóstico diferencial das lesões subepiteliais gástricas
Keywords in Portuguese
Endoscopia
Endossonografia
Leiomioma
Neoplasias gástricas
Tumores do estroma gastrointestinal
Abstract in Portuguese
INTRODUÇÂO: O termo lesão subepitelial se refere a qualquer protrusão ao lúmen do trato gastrointestinal recoberta por mucosa de aspecto normal. A realização de biópsias endoscópicas apresenta rendimento diagnóstico limitado. A ecoendoscopia é considerada o teste diagnóstico de escolha para avaliar diversas características da lesão subepitelial. OBJETIVO: Em relação às lesões subepiteliais gástricas, avaliar dados clínicos, topográficos e ecoendoscópicos como fatores preditores do diagnóstico histopatológico. MÉTODOS: selecionados 55 pacientes adultos atendidos no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, no período de outubro de 2003 a agosto de 2011 com diagnóstico de lesão subepitelial gástrica à endoscopia digestiva alta, submetidos à ecoendoscopia, com diagnóstico histopatológico, utilizando-se como procedimentos de investigação a ecoendoscopia e a análise histológica/imuno-histoquímica do material obtido por punção ecoguiada e/ou ressecção/biópsia endoscópica/cirúrgica. As seguintes variáveis foram incluídas para análise, relacionando-as ao diagnóstico histopatológico: tamanho; camada ecoendoscópica; aspecto ecográfico; limites; detecção de fluxo ao Doppler e distribuição topográfica gástrica. RESULTADO: Utilizando modelo logístico para variáveis associadas aos diagnósticos (p <,05), observamos que no caso do tumor gastrointestinal estromal (GIST) a probabilidade da lesão localizar-se na cárdia é baixa (4,5%); há maior risco de GIST em pacientes acima de 57 anos (RC=8,9, IC95%7.6,10.2), lesão >= 21mm (RC=7,15, IC95%5.88, 8.43), com fluxo ao Doppler (RC =9, IC95%6.6, 11.4), limite irregular (RC= 7,75, IC95%6, 9.4) e inserida na 4ª. camada parietal (RC=18,8 IC95% 16.7, 20.94); o leiomioma apresentou alta probabilidade (95%) para cárdia com RC = 390 (IC95% 387, 394); o modelo de regressão múltipla indicou as variáveis dimensão, distribuição topográfica gástrica e camada parietal como significativas para GIST, e distribuição topográfica gástrica (cárdia) para leiomioma. CONCLUSÃO: Existe associação entre a localização da lesão subepitelial gástrica na topografia da cárdia e os diagnósticos de Leiomioma e GIST, com comportamento inverso, sendo o leiomioma o diagnóstico mais provável nesta situação.O modelo logístico de regressão múltipla indica que as variáveis significativas para afastar o diagnóstico de GIST são localização na cárdia, fora da 4a. camada parietal ecoendoscópica e diâmetro da lesão de até 20mm
Title in English
Predictive endoscopic and echoendoscopic features of histology of incidental gastric subephitelial lesions
Keywords in English
Endoscopy
Endosonography
Gastric neoplasms
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors
Leiomyoma
Abstract in English
BACKGROUND: The term subepithelial mass (SEM) refers to any protrusion of the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract covered by a normal appearance mucosa. The performance of endoscopic biopsies has limited diagnostic yield. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is considered the diagnostic test of choice to assess various characteristics of SEM. AIM: to investigate the association between patients' clinical characteristics, EUS features and gastric topography with the histopathological diagnosis of gastric SEM, using as diagnostic gold standard the histological and immunohistochemical analysis of the material obtained by fine-needle aspiration and/or surgical resection. METHODS: fifty-five patients selected at the Clinics Hospital - University of São Paulo, from October 2003 to August 2011 with a endoscopic diagnosis of gastric SEM, who underwent EUS, with histopathologic confirmed diagnosis. The following variables were included for analysis: size, echoendoscopic layer, sonographic appearance, echogenicity, irregular outer limits, Doppler flow signal and topographic distribution. RESULTS: Applying logistic regression for variables associated with the diagnoses (P < .05), we found that in the case of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) the probability of the lesion to be located in the cardia is low (4.5%); there is greater risk of GIST in patients older than 57 years (OR = 8.9, 95% CI 7.6,10.2), with lesion >= 21mm (OR = 7.15, 95% CI 5.88, 8:43), positive Doppler (OR = 9, 95% CI 6.6, 11.4), irregular outer limits (OR = 7.75, 95% CI 6, 9.4) and located at 4th. parietal layer (OR = 18.8 95% CI16.7, 20.94); if leiomyoma, the likelihood of this lesion in the cardia was high (greater than 95%) with odds ratio of 390; multiple regression model indicated the size, topographic distribution and gastric parietal layer as significant for GIST, and gastric topographic distribution (cardia) for leiomyoma. CONCLUSION: There is an association between the location of gastric subepithelial lesion in the topography of cardia and diagnostics of leiomyoma and GIST, with opposite behavior, being leiomyoma the most likely diagnosis. Multiple regression analysis indicates cardia location, lesion outside 4th. parietal layer and diameter of up to 20mm as significant variables to exclude GIST diagnosis
 
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Publishing Date
2015-11-24
 
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