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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.6.2004.tde-03082023-114134
Document
Author
Full name
Marcia Antonia Peron Puerro
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2004
Supervisor
Committee
Lieber, Nicolina Silvana Romano (President)
Cyrillo, Denise Cavallini
Ribeiro, Eliane
Title in Portuguese
O custo das reações adversas a medicamentos em hospitais
Keywords in Portuguese
Custos
Hospital
Medicamentos
Reação Adversa
Abstract in Portuguese
Objetivo. As reações adversas a medicamentos (RAMs) são uma importante causa de hospitalização, prolongamento de estadia hospitalar e até mesmo de mortes. Essas reações traduzem-se em custos para o sistema de saúde. Realizou-se revisão da literatura sobre custos de RAMs que causaram hospitalizações ou que ocorreram em pacientes hospitalizados, assim como da metodologia utilizada no cálculo desses custos. Métodos. A pesquisa foi realizada buscando trabalhos nas bases de dados: Medline, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (IPA), Biological Abstracts e Literatura latino-americana de ciências da saúde (Lilacs), publicados no período entre 1970 e 2001. Resultados. A busca resgatou 55 publicações. Segundo critérios estabelecidos, selecionaram-se 17 artigos para análise e discussão. A análise do tema proposto revelou que a bibliografia sobre o assunto é escassa e restrita aos países desenvolvidos. Os estudos foram focados preferencialmente em RAMs graves. Os estudos apontaram que as RAMs causaram internações hospitalares entre 0,28 e 7,2% dos pacientes e ocorreram entre 1,3 e 190/o dos pacientes hospitalizados. A previsibilidade das RAMs esteve entre 30 e 91%. Só foram calculados custos diretos, os quais apresentaram ampla dispersão, de US$ 25,00 a US$ 5.796,00. Foram observados três métodos para o cálculo dos custos das RAMs: tempo de hospitalização; contabilização individual de todos os recursos consumidos e serviços utilizados; e GRDs (Grupos Relacionados por Diagnósticos) do sistema de saúde. Conclusões. Alguns estudos sugerem que grande parte das RAMs em hospitais são evitáveis e sua prevenção é fator determinante na redução dos custos envolvidos. Em países onde os recursos são escassos, essa redução poderia atender a outras demandas do sistema de saúde. A variação das metodologias utilizadas para o cálculo dos custos sugere a necessidade de proposição de um método de referência que permita confronto dos custos reais das RAMs hospitalares, com vistas à sua redução.
Title in English
Cost of adverse drug reactions in hospitals
Keywords in English
Adverse Reaction
Costs
Drugs
Hospital
Abstract in English
Objective. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are an important cause of hospital admission, increase of length of stay and even deaths. These reactions translate into consumed resources to the health system. It was reviewed the literature about costs of ADRs as a cause for admission or when occurring during hospitalization, as the methodology used for its calculation. Methods. The literature search was conducted at the online databases: Medline, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (IPA), Biological Abstracts and Latin American Literature of Health Sciences (Lilacs), from 1970 to 2001. Results. The sample consisted of 55 studies from which 17 were analysed and discussed. The studies about the subject are scarce and limited to developed countries. The studies have focused on serious ADRs. The incidence of the ADRs which caused hospital admission varied from 0,28 to 7,2% and those which occurred during the hospitalization ranged from 1,3 to 19%. The avoidability of the ADRs varied from 30 to 91%. It was evaluated only direct costs which ranged from US$ 25,00 to US$ 5.796,00. Three methods were used to assess the cost of ADRs: length of stay; individual accountability of the consumed resources and the used services; DRGs (Diagnosis Related Groups) of the health system. Conclusions: Some studies suggest that ADRs in hospitals, for the most part, are avoidable. Prevention strategies could result in important health resource savings. In the countries where resources are scarce, these savings could be used in other healthcare expenditures. The variety of the methodologies used to assess the costs suggests the necessity to propose a methodology of reference that allows to compare the real costs of the ADRs in hospitais, in order to reduce them.
 
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Publishing Date
2023-08-03
 
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