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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.60.2012.tde-28032012-084437
Document
Author
Full name
Greyce Kelly Steinhorst Alcantara
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Queiroz, Regina Helena Costa (President)
Malfará, Wilson Roberto
Pereira, Leonardo Régis Leira
Title in Portuguese
Desenvolvimento e validação de metodologia para análise simultânea de aminoácidos como possíveis marcadores neurobiológicos da esquizofrenia utilizando a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência com detecção por fluorescência
Keywords in Portuguese
Aminoácidos
Cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência
Esquizofrenia
Plasma
Abstract in Portuguese
As teorias neurobiológicas defendem que a esquizofrenia é essencialmente causada por alterações bioquímicas e estruturais do cérebro. A importância que os aminoácidos tem com a fisiopatologia da esquizofrenia e, por este envolvimento encontrar-se pouco esclarecido é que esta pesquisa teve como propósito desenvolver e validar uma metodologia analítica para a análise simultânea dos aminoácidos: glutamato, aspartato, serina, glicina, arginina e lisina em plasma de pacientes com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia, utilizando para isto a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência com detecção por fluorescência. Os analitos foram inicialmente extraídos através do processo de precipitação protéica, com o solvente orgânico acetonitrila. Para que pudessem ser detectados por fluorescência os aminoácidos foram derivatizados empregando orto-ftalaldeído na presença de B-mercaptoetanol. O tempo total de separação foi de 18 minutos em coluna analítica LiChroCART® RP-18 (Merck, 125mm, 4mm d.i., 5m) no modo de eluição gradiente com tampão acetato de sódio 0,1 mol/L (pH 7,0, A) e acetonitrila e água (B), na proporção 70:30, respectivamente, para posterior detecção por fluorescência (excitação 340 nm, emissão 450 nm). O método foi validado segundo os critérios estabelecidos pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). A resposta do detector encontrou-se linear na faixa de 9,6 a 192 pmol/mL para todos os aminoácidos. O limite de detecção estabelecido foi de 7,68 pmol/mL e o limite de quantificação foi de 9,6 pmol/mL. A recuperação foi superior a 70%. A precisão e exatidão intra-ensaio variou de 3,6% a 5,3% e 3,1% a 8,3%, respectivamente. A precisão e exatidão interensaio variou de 3,6% a 7,1% e 3,1% a 11,4%, respectivamente. A especificidade foi determinada para os seguintes interferentes: lorazepam, diazepam, clonazepam, alprazolam, haloperidol, levomepromazina, propranolol, ranitidina, fluoxetina, olanzapina, carbamazepina, diclofenaco, amiodarona, sulfametoxazol e, ainda, plasma hemolisado, normal e lipêmico. O método desenvolvido e validado mostrou ser eficiente na determinação simultânea de aminoácidos podendo ser aplicado em amostras de pacientes esquizofrênicos a fim de investigar seu envolvimento com esta desordem psiquiátrica tão intrigante.
Title in English
Development and validation of methodology for simultaneous analysis of amino acids as potential neurobiological markers of schizophrenia using high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection
Keywords in English
amino acids
high performance liquid chromatography
plasma
schizophrenia
Abstract in English
Schizophrenia is primarily caused by structural and biochemical changes in the brain according to the main neurobiological theory, including the amino acids concentrations in the human plasma. The relation between these amino acids concentrations and the schizophrenia needs more clarification. Therefore, an analytical tool is necessary to provide which of these amino acids are related with this mental disease. The aim of this research was to develop and to validate an analytical methodology using High Performance Liquid Chromatography with fluorescence detection for simultaneous analysis of the main human amino acids, which are: glutamate, aspartate, serine, glycine, arginine and lysine in plasma of schizophrenic patients. Protein precipitation was the extraction technique chosen for the amino acids determination using acetonitrile as organic solvent. The derivatization was conducted by the reaction between the amino acids and ortho-phthalaldehyde in the presence of B-mercaptoethanol. The separation was achieved using the analytical column LiChroCART® RP-18 (Merck, 125mm, 4mm ID, 5mm) by gradient elution in 18 minutes. The mobile phase was composed by sodium acetate buffer 0.1 mol / L (pH 7.0; A) and acetonitrile: water (B) (70:30, v/v). The detection was performed by fluorescence (excitation 340 nm, emission 450 nm). The method was validated according to criteria established by the regulatory agency (ANVISA). The detector response was found linear in the range 9.6 to 192 pmol / mL for all amino acids. The detection limit was set at 7.68 pmol / mL and the limit of quantification was 9.6 pmol / mL. The recovery was above 70%. The precision and accuracy intra-assay ranged from 3.6% to 5.3% and 3.1% to 8.3%, respectively. The precision and accuracy inter-assay ranged from 3.6% to 7.1% and 3.1% to 11.4%, respectively. The specificity was determined for the following possible interferents: lorazepam, diazepam, clonazepam, alprazolam, haloperidol, levomepromazine, propranolol, ranitidine, fluoxetine, olanzapine, carbamazepine, diclofenac, amiodarone, trimethoprim. Plasma hemolyzed, lipemic and normal were evaluated. This method was adequate to simultaneous determination of amino acids, therefore it can be applied to samples of schizophrenic patients and consequently, providing information of the main amino acids involvement with this psychiatric disorder.
 
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Publishing Date
2012-04-24
 
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