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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.74.2016.tde-03112016-140320
Document
Author
Full name
Leandro Félix Demuner
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Pirassununga, 2016
Supervisor
Committee
Faria, Douglas Emygdio de (President)
Garcia Neto, Manoel
Lima, Cesar Goncalves de
Menten, José Fernando Machado
Titto, Cristiane Gonçalves
Title in Portuguese
Ajuste de curvas de crescimento e deposição de nutrientes em linhagens de frangos de corte com análise econômica
Keywords in Portuguese
Abate
Alometria
Modelo matemático
Taxa de crescimento
Abstract in Portuguese
O estudo foi conduzido para estimar os parâmetros, avaliar e comparar os ajustes de curvas de crescimento corporal e dos componentes corporais físicos e químicos, de linhagens de frangos de corte sexados. Foram utilizados 1848 pintinhos de um dia de idade distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com tratamentos em esquema fatorial hierárquico com os fatores: Sexo (Macho e Fêmea) e Linhagens (Cobb 500, Ross 308 e Hubbard Flex) dentro de cada sexo, totalizando seis tratamentos com seis repetições de 50 aves cada. A dieta experimental atendeu à necessidade nutricional para cada sexo. No primeiro dia foram abatidos oito animais de cada linhagem e sexo, obtendo o peso inicial dos componentes físicos e químicos e semanalmente as aves e rações de cada boxe foram pesadas para obter os dados de consumo de ração e peso corporal. De acordo com o peso médio de cada boxe foram feitos abates semanais, de dois a três animais (24h de jejum), sendo obtidos os pesos: corporal em jejum, corporal em jejum depenado, penas, carcaça, peito, coxa, sobrecoxa, asa, coração, fígado e moela. Outras duas aves (a partir do peso médio do boxe) em jejum foram foram selecionadas para o estudo de deposição dos nutrientes sobre o peso corporal em jejum depenado e de penas, tendo amostras destas características sido processadas, homogeneizadas e analisadas para matéria seca, nitrogênio, extrato etéreo e cinzas. Os parâmetros médios das curvas foram estimados, assim como os coeficientes alométricos e utilizados os critérios estatísticos de qualidade de ajuste (coeficiente de determinação, coeficiente de determinação ajustado, Critério de informação de Akaike e Critério de informação Bayesiano de Schwarz) para selecionar o modelo mais adequado. Também foi realizada a análise técnica (conversão alimentar) e econômica (margem bruta de comercialização -MB) a partir de estimativas de pesos corporais e de consumo de ração do melhor modelo selecionado, nos pesos e idade de abate predeterminados. A curva de Gompertz e a equação de alometria em função da proteína corporal foram selecionadas para estimar os valores individuais dos pesos de cada boxe e avaliar os efeitos de sexo e de linhagem em cada sexo. Os coeficientes alométricos foram heterogônicos negativos para a deposição de água corporal e órgãos; e heterogônicos positivos para cinzas, gordura corporal, carcaça e cortes da carcaça. Os machos tiveram maior desenvolvimento corporal e dos componentes com maior precocidade, exceto para gordura corporal. Macho Cobb 500 apresentou peso superior de peito; macho Hubbard maior deposição de proteína corporal, sendo mais eficiente tecnicamente e Ross 308, macho e fêmea, foram mais precoces para crescimento corporal e para a maior parte dos componentes. Na análise econômica utilizando o modelo Gompertz observou-se que machos apresentaram melhor conversão alimentar e MB do que fêmeas e Ross 308, apesar de ter comportamento superior em crescimento e precocidade, não foi tão eficiente tecnicamente e/ou economicamente quanto às linhagens Cobb 500 e Hubbard Flex nas últimas pesagens.
Title in English
Growth curves adjustment and nutrient deposition in broilers strains with economic analysis
Keywords in English
Allometry
Growth rate
Mathematical model
Slaughter
Abstract in English
The study was conducted to estimate the parameters, evaluate and compare the adjustments of body growth curves and the physical and chemical body components, lines of sexed broilers. 1848 day-old chicks in a completely randomized design in a factorial design with treatments in hierarchical factorial design with the factors: sex (male and female) and strains (Cobb 500, Ross 308 and Hubbard Flex) within each sex, a total of six treatments with six replicates of 50 birds each. The experimental diet attended the nutritional requirement for each sex. On the first day, eight animals of each strain and sex were slaughtered, obtaining the initial weight of the physical and chemical components and weekly birds and every boxing feeds were weighed for the feed intake data and body weight. According to the mean weight of each pen were made weekly slaughter, two or three animals (24 h of fasting) were obtained, weights: Body fasting, body fasting plucking, feathers, carcass, chest, thigh, drumstick, wing, heart, liver and gizzard. Other two birds (from average body weight) fasted were used to study deposition of nutrients on body weight plucking fasting and feathers, and samples of these characteristics were processed, homogenized and analyzed for dry matter, nitrogen, extract ethereal and ashes. The average curve parameters were estimated, as well as the allometric coefficients and used statistical criteria for goodness of fit (coefficient of determination, adjusted determination coefficient, Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information criterion of Schwarz) to select the most appropriate model. It was also carried out technical analysis (feed conversion) and economic (gross margin trading -GM) from body weights estimates and feed intake of the best model selected, the weight and age of predetermined slaughter. The Gompertz curve and the allometry equation as a function of body protein were selected to estimate individual values of each pen weights and evaluate the effects of sex and strain of each sex. The allometric coefficients were negative heterogônic for the deposition of body water and organs; and positive heterogônic for ashes, body fat, carcass and carcass cuts. Males had earlier higher body development and their components, except for body fat. Male Cobb 500 showed a higher weight breast and thigh, male Hubbard had greater deposition of body protein being more efficient and technically Ross 308, male and female, were earlier for body growth and most of their components. In the economic analysis using the Gompertz model it was observed that males had better feed conversion and GM than females and Ross strain 308, despite having higher growth and precocity, it was not as efficient technically and / or economically as the Cobb 500 and Hubbard Flex. Males had higher body development and components begin earlier, except for body fat. Male Cobb 500 showed superior weight breast; Male Hubbard had greater deposition of body protein being more efficient and technically Ross 308, male and female, were earlier for body growth and most of the components. In the economic analysis using the Gompertz model was observed that males had better feed conversion and MB than females and Ross strain 308, that despite having superior behavior on growth and earliness, this last line was not as efficient technically and / or economically as the lines Cobb 500 and Hubbard Flex in the last weighing.
 
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DO8193265COR.pdf (7.53 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2016-11-11
 
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