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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.74.2009.tde-08022010-134752
Document
Author
Full name
Paula Wick Rizzoli
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Pirassununga, 2009
Supervisor
Committee
Faria, Douglas Emygdio de (President)
Gomes, Jacinta Diva Ferrugem
Sorbara, Jose Otávio Berti
Title in Portuguese
Desempenho, incremento de energia e digestibilidade de nutrientes em rações de frangos de corte contendo enzimas exógenas
Keywords in Portuguese
Alfa-amilase
Aves
Beta-glucanase
Metodologias de digestibilidade
Xilanase
Abstract in Portuguese
Essa pesquisa avaliou o efeito da suplementação de dois complexos enzimáticos sobre o desempenho, incremento de energia e digestibilidade da matéria seca (MS), proteína (PB), aminoácidos (AAs) e extrato etéreo (EE) por 3 metodologias (coleta total de fezes, coleta com indicador e coleta ileal) em rações de frangos. No ensaio de desempenho foram utilizados 2.592 pintos machos distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com sete tratamentos (1: controle positivo; 2: controle negativo 1 (CN 1) decrescido de 2% de energia metabolizável aparente (EMA), AA e PB na fase de 1 a 21 dias e de 2,5% na fase de 22-42 dias; 3: controle negativo 2 (CN 2) decrescido de 4% de EMA, AA e PB na fase de 1 a 21 dias e de 5% na fase de 22-42 dias; 4: CN 1 mais 400 g do complexo A (α-amilase e β-glucanase); 5: CN 1 mais 500 g do complexo B (α-amilase, β-glucanase e xilanase); 6: CN 2 mais 400 g do complexo A; 7: CN 2 mais 500 g do complexo B), sendo o tratamento 1 com 6 repetições e os outros com 7, totalizando 48 parcelas experimentais com 54 aves cada. Foi adotado um programa alimentar com 2 fases: de 1 a 21 dias e de 22 a 42 dias. As características de desempenho avaliadas foram: consumo de ração, ganho de peso, conversão alimentar, conversão alimentar ajustada, viabilidade e índice de eficiência produtiva. No ensaio de metabolismo foram utilizados 351 pintos machos de um dia alojados em baterias seguindo delineamento inteiramente casualizado com os mesmos tratamentos do experimento 1, sendo os três primeiros com 5 repetições e os demais com 6, totalizando 39 parcelas experimentais com 9 aves por gaiola. O complexo enzimático B na dieta com menor redução proporcionou desempenho similar ao encontrado no controle positivo nas diferentes fases estudadas. Na primeira coleta do ensaio de metabolismo, realizada com aves de 21 dias, os complexos enzimáticos não foram eficazes em incrementar a energia da ração e a digestibilidade da matéria seca, do extrato etéreo, da proteína bruta e dos aminoácidos. Na coleta realizada com aves de 42 dias, o tratamento 5 proporcionou maiores valores de energia digestível e metabolizável, não diferindo dos tratamentos 1, 3 e 4 na metodologia de coleta total e dos tratamentos 3 e 4 nas metodologias de coleta com indicador e coleta ileal. O tratamento 5 ainda apresentou maior digestibilidade da MS pela metodologia de coleta com indicador. Os complexos enzimáticos melhoraram a digestibilidade do EE quando comparados aos seus respectivos tratamentos controle. Os tratamentos 4 e 5 apresentaram maior digestibilidade da PB pela metodologia de coleta ileal. Os maiores coeficientes de digestibilidade dos AAs concentraram-se no tratamento 5, seguido pelo tratamento 4. No geral, a metodologia de coleta total de excretas promoveu resultados mais consistentes. Conclui-se que a utilização de enzimas exógenas e viável técnica e economicamente.
Title in English
Performance, energy increment and digestibility of nutrients in broiler chickens diets containing exogenous enzymes
Keywords in English
Alfa-amylase
Beta-glucanase
Birds
Digestibility methodologies
Xylanase
Abstract in English
This study evaluated the effect of supplementation of two enzymatic complexes on performance, energy increment and digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), amino acids (AA) and ether extract (EE) by three methodologies (total excreta collection, collection with marker and ileal collection) in broilers diets. In the performance assay a total of 2,592 male broiler chicks were randomly distributed in seven treatments (1: positive control; 2: negative control 1 (NC 1) with 2% reduction on apparent metabolizable energy (AME), AA and CP from 1 to 21 days and 2,5% from 22 to 42 days; 3: negatice control 2 (CN 2) with 4% reduction on AME, AA and CP from 1 to 21 days and 5% from 22 to 42 days; 4: NC 1 with 400 ppm of enzymatic complex A (α-amylase and β-glucanase); 5: NC 1 with 500 ppm of enzymatic complex B (α-amylase, β-glucanase and xylanase); 6: NC 2 with 400 ppm of enzymatic complex A; 7: NC 2 with 500 ppm of enzymatic complex B. Treatment one had six replicates and all the others treatments had seven replicates, in a total of 48 experimental units of 54 birds each. A feeding program with two phases was used from 1 to 21 days and from 22 to 42 days. Body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion rate, adjusted feed conversion rate, viability and index of production efficiency were measured. In the metabolism assay a total of 351 male broiler chicks were housed in metallic batteries and randomly distributed in the same treatments of the performance assay. Treatments 1, 2 and 3 had 5 replicates and all the others treatments had 6 replicates, in a total of 39 experimental units of 9 birds by cage. The enzymatic complex B in the diet with lower reduction reached the same level of performance as the positive control diet. In the first collection of the metabolism assay (21 days), the enzymatic complexes were not efficient to increment the energy of the feed and digestibility of DM, EE, CP and AA. In the collection with 42 days, the treatment 5 provided the best result for digestible and metabolizable energies, but was not different of the treatments 1, 3 and 4 in total excreta collection methodology and of the treatments 3 and 4 in collection with marker and ileal collection methodologies. Treatment 5 even provided higher digestibility of DM by collection with marker methodology. The enzymatic complexes improved the ether extract digestibility when compared to their respective control treatments. The treatments 4 and 5 presented higher crude protein digestibility by ileal collection. The highest coefficients of digestibility of AA were observed in treatment 5, followed by treatment 4. In general, the total excreta collection methodology promoted higher consistency of the results. It was concluded that the exogenous enzymes utilization is technical and economically feasible.
 
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Publishing Date
2010-02-10
 
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