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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.74.2013.tde-22052013-151449
Document
Author
Full name
Raul Pereira Fregonesi
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Pirassununga, 2013
Supervisor
Committee
Trindade, Marco Antonio (President)
Fernandes, Andrezza Maria
Miyagusku, Luciana
Title in Portuguese
Radiação gama aplicada para estender a vida útil da carne de cordeiro embalada a vácuo e armazenada sob refrigeração
Keywords in Portuguese
Longissimus dorsi
Estabilidade
Irradiação de alimentos
Vida de prateleria
Abstract in Portuguese
O Estado de São Paulo vem experimentando nos últimos anos um expressivo aumento da produção, oferta e consumo de carne ovina. Com a tendência atual de procura por produtos de maior conveniência, com rapidez e facilidade de preparo, vislumbra-se a necessidade do mercado investir na oferta de carne ovina na forma de cortes resfriados. Nesse sentido, a irradiação com energia ionizante poderia ser uma alternativa viável para a comercialização dos cortes resfriados de cordeiro. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a aplicação de diferentes doses de radiação gama visando estender a vida útil microbiológica da carne de cordeiro embalada a vácuo e armazenada sob refrigeração. Para isso, primeiramente foi realizado um experimento preliminar visando se estabelecer parâmetros como a dose e o tempo de estocagem. As amostras foram irradiadas com doses de 1,0, 3,0 e 5,0 kGy e submetidas a análises microbiológicas por um período de 60 dias a uma temperatura de 1 °C. De acordo com os resultados pôde-se concluir que a dose de 3,0 kGy deve ser utilizada como dose máxima. Assim, iniciou-se o experimento final, e para isso, as amostras de lombo de cordeiro foram embaladas a vácuo e irradiadas com as doses zero (controle), 1,5 kGy e 3,0 kGy e estocadas sob refrigeração a 1 °C. Foram realizadas nos tempos de zero, 14, 28, 42 e 56 dias análises microbiológicas e análises físico-químicas. Também foi realizado um teste sensorial de aceitação com 63 provadores, no qual foram avaliados os atributos de aroma, textura, suculência, sabor e qualidade global. Todos os dados foram estatisticamente avaliados através de contrastes entre as médias, com um nível de significância de 5%. Os resultados obtidos para os testes microbiológicos foram de ausência de Salmonella sp., contagens esporádicas de coliformes a 45 °C e Staphylococcus aureus (< 10 (est) UFC/g) para todas as amostras. Para as demais análises microbiológicas houve efeitos significativos (p<0,05) de tratamento e tempo. Entretanto, nas características físico-químicas, houve apenas efeitos significativos (p<0,05) ao longo do tempo de zero a 28 dias, para pH e cor b* (amarelo), os quais decaíram e aumentaram, respectivamente. Na aceitação sensorial, as amostras não diferiram (p>0,05) em nenhum dos atributos avaliados. Assim, pôde-se concluir que a irradiação gama nos lombos de cordeiro foi eficiente em diminuir a proliferação de microrganismos sem prejudicar as características físico-químicas, e ainda, que a aceitação do consumidor também não foi prejudicada pela irradiação. Ao final do experimento, foi possível afirmar que a dose 3,0 kGy foi a mais indicada, pois conseguiu estender a vida de prateleira de 14 para 56 dias do lombo de cordeiro irradiado e armazenado a 1°C.
Title in English
Gamma radiation applied to extend the shelf-life of lamb meat vacuum packed and stored under refrigeration
Keywords in English
Longissimus dorsi
Food irradiation
Shelf-life
Stability
Abstract in English
The State of São Paulo has experienced in recent years a significant increase in production, supply and consumption of lamb meat. With the current trend of demand for products of greater convenience, with speed and ease preparation, there is the need to invest in the market supply of refrigerated lamb cuts. Accordingly, irradiation with ionizing energy could be a viable alternative for the marketing of refrigerated cuts of lamb meat. The aim of this work was to study the application of different doses of gamma radiation in order to extend the stability of lamb meat vacuum packed and stored under refrigeration. For this, first a preliminary experiment was conducted aiming to determine parameters such as irradiation dose and storage time. The lamb loins (Longissimus dorsi) were vacuum packed, irradiated with doses of 1,0, 3,0 and 5,0 kGy and stored under refrigeration in cooling chamber at 1 °C. According to the results, a dose of 3,0 kGy may be indicated as the maximum dose of irradiation. After establishing these parameters, the final experiment began, and for that, the lamb loin samples were vacuum packaged and irradiated with doses zero (control), 1,5 kGy and 3,0 kGy and stored under refrigeration at 1 °C. In predetermined periods (zero, 14, 28, 42 and 56 days) microbiological and physicalchemical analysis were carried out. Also, a sensory acceptance test was conducted, with 63 consumers, which evaluated aroma, texture, juiciness, flavor and overall quality atributes. All data were statistically evaluated using contrasts between means, with a significance level of 5%. The results obtained for microbiological testing of all samples were absence of Salmonella sp. and sporadic counts of coliforms at 45 °C and Staphylococcus aureus (<10 (est) CFU/g). For other microbiological analysis there were significant effects (p <0,05) of treatment, and time. However, for the physicochemical characteristics, there were only differences (p <0,05) of time from zero to 28 days for pH and color b * (yellow), which declined and increased, respectively, over this period. In the sensory acceptance test, the samples did not differ (p> 0,05) in any of the evaluated attributes. Thus, it was concluded that gamma irradiation in the lamb loins was effective in decreasing the proliferation of microorganisms without damaging its physical and chemical characteristics. At the end of the experiment, it was possible to say that the 3.0 kGy dose was indicated because could extend the shelf life of 14 to 56 days of loin of lamb irradiated and stored at 1 °C.
 
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ME7489075COR.pdf (2.45 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2013-05-27
 
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