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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2013.tde-03092013-092459
Document
Author
Full name
Silvia de Bernardinis
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2013
Supervisor
Committee
Secco, Lincoln Ferreira (President)
Deaecto, Marisa Midore
Máo Junior, José Rodrigues
Title in Portuguese
O programa econômico dos comunistas na Itália nos governos de unidade nacional (1943-1947)
Keywords in Portuguese
Comunismo
Democracia progressiva
Frente popular
Gramsci
Partido comunista italiano
Resistência
Revolução passiva
Socialdemocracia
Terceira internacional
Togliatti
Abstract in Portuguese
A presente dissertação tem como objeto a análise das propostas de política econômica do Partido comunista italiano de 1943 a 1947. O período analisado marca a transição do regime fascista à construção da república democrática e representa a única experiência de governo do partido ao longo de sua história. A partir do debate sobre o capitalismo italiano desenvolvido pelo partido, a pesquisa buscou identificar algumas das razões que originaram o fracasso de sua ação nos governos de unidade nacional num dos períodos que, por outro lado, registrou um forte enraizamento social do partido. Destacou-se, principalmente, o instrumental teórico subjacente à estratégia adoptada pelos comunistas italianos neste período, a democracia progressiva, como instrumento privilegiado para realizar a via italiana ao socialismo, uma alternativa ao processo revolucionário da Rússia de 1917 e ao mesmo tempo não assimilável à tradição da socialdemocracia europeia. Buscou-se detectar os entraves e as aporias teóricas que tal estratégia colocou na atuação governamental do partido, em particular no que diz respeito à elaboração de duas substanciais reformas, agrária e industrial. Identificou-se no moderantismo do partido a incapacidade de formular mantendo-se dentro da teoria marxista, mas ao mesmo tempo afastando-se do socialismo soviético um claro projeto econômico alternativo às propostas e projetos de reformas de tipo keynesiano que no mesmo período outros países europeus experimentavam.
Title in English
The economic program of the Communists in Italy in the governments of national unity (1943-1947)
Keywords in English
Communism
Gramsci
International communist
Italian communist party
Passive revolution
Popular front
Progressive democracy
Resistance
Social democracy
Togliatti
Abstract in English
This dissertation focuses the analysis on economic policy proposals of the Italian Communist Party from 1943 to 1947. The sample period marks the transition from the Fascist regime to the construction of a democratic republic and represent the only government experience of the party throughout its history. From the debate about capitalism development by the Italian party, the survey tried to identify some of the reasons that led to the failure of his action in national unity governments in a period, on the other hand, that recorded a strong social roots of the party. The survey highlighted mainly the theoretical tool underlying the strategy adopted by the Italian Communists in this period, the "progressive democracy" as a privileged instrument to perform the "italian way to socialism", an alternative to the revolutionary process of russian 1917 and at the same time different from the tradition of European social democracy. We attempted to detect obstacles and theoretical aporias that such a strategy put in the party´s performance in the government implementation, in particular with regard to the development of two substantial reforms, the agrarian and industrial ones. The research identified in the "moderantismo" party's the inability to formulate in a marxist theory perspective, but at the same time moving away from Soviet socialism - a clear alternative economic project to keynesian proposals and reform projects type that in the same period other European countries were experiencing.
 
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Publishing Date
2013-09-03
 
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