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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.8.2008.tde-26112008-162528
Document
Author
Full name
Daniela Tonello Levy
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2008
Supervisor
Committee
Novinsky, Anita Waingort (President)
Beresin, Jaffa Rifka
Silva, Lina Gorenstein Ferreira da
Title in Portuguese
Judeus e marranos no Brasil holandês: pioneiros na colonozação de Nova York (séculoXVII)
Keywords in Portuguese
História
Invasões holandesas
Judeus
Nova Iorque
Pernambuco
Abstract in Portuguese
Os holandeses ocuparam durante 24 anos o nordeste brasileiro: Pernambuco, Paraíba, Rio Grande do Norte e Itamaracá. (1630-1654). Nesse período, Pernambuco se transformou numa verdadeira metrópole, com uma vida cultural intensa, onde poetas, cientistas e filósofos tornaram o Brasil num centro intelectual único na América do Sul. Nesse contexto, os judeus puderam constituir uma comunidade com escolas, sinagogas e cemitério, dando sua contribuição ao enriquecimento da vida cultural da região. No ano de 1654, os portugueses reconquistaram o Nordeste e os holandeses foram expulsos. Junto com os holandeses, foram também expulsos cerca de 600 judeus, pois no império português só a religião católica era permitida. Após sofrerem várias vicissitudes durante a viagem, vinte e três brasileiros; homens, mulheres e crianças, conseguiram chegar à Nova Amsterdã, atual Nova Iorque. O início da vida foi difícil. Nova Iorque era então uma insignificante vila, semideserta, governada por um calvinista fanático, que impôs sérias dificuldades aos recém-chegados. Depois de numerosas atribulações, os vinte e três judeus conseguiram sobreviver exercendo um pequeno comércio que logo se expandiu. Depois da guerra pela independência norte-americana, os descendentes dos sefaraditas alcançaram plena cidadania. A religião deixou de ser empecilho. Os judeus não eram mais uma minoria tolerada, mas cidadãos norte-americanos plenos. Os brasileiros e seus descendentes espalharam-se por diversas regiões dos Estados Unidos, e se sobressaíram na luta pelos direitos civis, pela tolerância e liberdade. Os Henrique, os Lucena, os Andrade, os Costa, os Gomes, os Ferreira ajudaram a construir um novo mundo de cidadãos livres e iguais
Title in English
Jews and Marranos in Dutch Brazil: pioneers in the colonization of New York (séculoXVII)
Keywords in English
Dutch invasions
History
Jews
New York
Pernambuco
Abstract in English
The Dutch invaded and occupied the Brazilian Northeast (Pernambuco, Paraíba, Rio Grande do Norte and Itamaracá) for 24 years (1630-1624); In this period, Pernambuco evolved into a real metropolis, with an intense cultural life, where poets, scientists and philosophers transformed Brazil into an intellectual center unique in South America. In this context the Jews were able to constitute a community with schools, synagogues and a cemetery, and to give their contribution to the enrichment of the cultural life of the region. In the year of 1654 the Portuguese conquered the Northeast and expelled the Dutch. With them were also expelled about 600 Jews, because in the Portuguese Empire only Catholics were allowed. After a dangerous voyage, 23 jews from Brazil, men, women and children were able to arrive to New Amsterdam, today New York. The beginning of life in North America was hard. New Amsterdam was a small village, hardly populated and ruled by a fanatic Calvinist that imposed serious difficulties to the newly arrived. After various vicissitudes, the 23 sephardim were able to survive, by a small merchant business that soon grew up. After the American war of Independence, the descendants of these Jews obtained their citizenship. The religion was not anymore an obstacle. Jews were not anymore a tolerated minority, but North Americans citizens. The Brazilians and their descendants sprayed for various regions of the United States and were important in the struggle for the civil rights, for tolerance and freedom. The Henrique, Lucena, Andrade, Costa, Gomes and Ferreira helped to build a new world of free and equal citizens
 
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Publishing Date
2008-11-26
 
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