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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.8.2019.tde-23072019-160504
Document
Author
Full name
Adriano Guilherme de Almeida
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Abdala Junior, Benjamin (President)
Martin, Vima Lia de Rossi
Santos, Rubens Pereira dos
Zeni, Bruno Gonçalves
Title in Portuguese
O Brasil-menor de idade - crianças e infâncias em Graciliano Ramos e João Antonio
Keywords in Portuguese
Graciliano Ramos
Infância e realidade nacional
João Antônio
Literatura engajada
Personagens infantis
Abstract in Portuguese
Neste trabalho, pretendemos destacar a relevância dos personagens infantis nos textos de Graciliano Ramos e João Antônio, escritores brasileiros do século XX, marcados pela crítica e pela denúncia da realidade nacional, elementos centrais em ambos os projetos literários. Buscamos demonstrar como os personagens infantis presentes nos textos desses dois escritores tornam mais explícitos os traços de arbitrariedade e autoritarismo próprios da formação social brasileira que eles denunciam em seus escritos. Nossos corpora são contos ou capítulos de romances e têm como critério de seleção, não a simetria de gêneros, mas o protagonismo dos personagens infantis, cujos processo de integração social são marcados pela violência e pelo autoritarismo, característicos da cultura senhorial (CHAUÍ, 1996) e da violência estrutural (GORENDER, 2000), associadas aos dois traumas fundamentais de nossa formação: o processo colonial e a escravização dos negros (RIBEIRO, 1999). A leitura comparativa dos textos de Graciliano Ramos e João Antônio possibilita uma percepção mais apurada da centralidade do tema das infâncias e das crianças na obra de cada um deles, pelo fato de que a abordagem delas evidencia e, ao mesmo tempo, redimensiona as contundentes críticas que os autores fizeram à realidade nacional.
Title in English
The Brazil-minor: childrens and childhoods in Graciliano Ramos and João Antônio
Keywords in English
Childhood and national reality
Children's characters
Engaged literature
Graciliano Ramos
João Antônio
Abstract in English
In this work, we intend to highlight the relevance of children's characters in the texts of Graciliano Ramos and João Antônio, Brazilian writers of the twentieth century, marked by criticism and denunciation of national reality - central elements in both literary projects. We seek to demonstrate how the children's characters present in these two writers' texts make more explicit the traits of arbitrariness and authoritarianism proper to the Brazilian social formation that they denounce in their writings. Our corpora are made of tales or novels chapters, and have as selection criteria, not the symmetry of genres, but the protagonism of the children's characters, whose social integration process is marked by violence and authoritarianism, characteristic of the "manorial culture" (CHAUÍ, 1996) and of "structural violence" (GORENDER, 2000), associated with the two fundamental traumas of our formation: the colonial process and the enslavement of black people (RIBEIRO, 1999). The comparative reading of Graciliano Ramos's and João Antônio's texts allows a more accurate perception about the centrality of the theme of childhoods and children in the work of each one of them, due to the fact that their approach evidences and at the same time resizes the blunt criticisms that the authors made to the national reality.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-07-23
 
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