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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.91.2006.tde-24112006-141614
Document
Author
Full name
Lucineide Aparecida Maranho
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2006
Supervisor
Committee
Tornisielo, Valdemar Luiz (President)
Jonsson, Claudio Martin
Lopes, Ruy Bessa
Title in Portuguese
Biomagnificação do heptacloro num modelo de simulação em condições ex-situ
Keywords in Portuguese
Contaminação ambiental
Ecossistemas aquáticos
Inseticidas organoclorados
Toxicidade
Abstract in Portuguese
Os estudos realizados em diversas partes do mundo sobre a utilização de pesticidas e os impactos que estes podem causar ao ambiente são uma das ações prioritárias para o desenvolvimento da agricultura, principalmente para aqueles pesticidas que são persistentes ao meio biótico e abiótico, como o inseticida heptacloro, que apesar de seu uso restrito para tratamento de madeira, ainda é muito usado no Brasil clandestinamente para outros fins. A maioria dos estudos realizados até agora sobre biomagnificação envolve o meio terrestre e uma pequena porcentagem desses é direcionada para o meio aquático e tem sido realizada em modelos de campo. O objetivo deste projeto foi determinar a CL50 96 horas para peixes a acumulação, biomagnificação e depuração do heptacloro em um modelo de sistema aquático. Como não existe nenhuma norma que defina o efeito cumulativo através dos níveis tróficos, pretendeu-se com esta pesquisa estimar a biomagnificação e depuração do heptacloro. Este estudo foi realizado em laboratório, em um modelo dividido em compartimentos individualizados, no qual somente as algas (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) foram submetidas por um período de 7 dias ao heptacloro, obtendo-se uma concentração final de 0,10 x 10-5µg heptacloro/µg algas, as quais posteriormente serviram de alimento para os microcrustáceos (Daphnia magna) durante 9 dias, que ao final concentraram 0,12 x 10-5 µg heptacloro/µg organismos. Por último, os peixes (Danio rerio) foram alimentados com microcrustáceos, no período de 5 dias, alcançando uma concentração final de 0,62 x 10-8 µg heptacloro/µg organismos. Nos últimos 9 dias, durante o período de depuração, os peixes foram alimentados em dias intercalados com microcrustáceos e ração sem contaminação com o produto, atingindo uma concentração final de 0,25 x 10-8 µg heptacloro/µg organismos. Nos testes realizados com esses três organismos, observou-se que a concentração ficou maior conforme o nível dentro do modelo proposto era mais alto, comprovando assim a hipótese do poder de bioacumulação, biomagnificação e depuração do heptacloro.
Title in English
Biomagnification of heptacloro in a model of simulation in former-situ conditions
Keywords in English
Accumulation
Biomagnification
Depuration
Trophic levels
Abstract in English
The studies carried out in different parts of the world about the pesticides use and the impacts that they can cause to the environment, are one of the priority actions for the agriculture development, mainly for those pesticides that are persistents in the biotic and abiotic environment, such as the heptachlor insecticide, which is still illegally used for others purposes in Brazil, although its use is limited for the wood treatment. The majority of the studies carried out until now about biomagnification involves the terrestrial environment and a small percentage of these studies are directed for the aquatic environment, and this small percentage has been carried out in field models. The aim of this project was to determine the LC50 96 hours for fish, accumulation, biomagnifications, and depuration of heptachlor in an aquatic system model and, as there isn?t any norm that defines the cumulative effect through trophic levels, it was claimed with this research to esteem the heptachlor biomagnification and depuration. This study was carried out in a laboratory, in a model divided in single chambers, in which the algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata were submitted during 7 days to the heptaclhor, getting a final concentration of 0.10 x 10-5µg heptaclhor/µg algae, which was later served as food for the microcrustaceans (Daphnia magna) were submitted during 7 days to the heptaclhor, getting a final concentration of 0.10 x 10-5Mµg heptaclhor/µg algae, which was later served as food for the microcrustaceans (Daphnia magna) were fed with microcrustaceans, in the period of 5 days, reaching a final concentration of 0.62 x 10-8 µg heptaclhor/µg organisms. In the last 9 days, during the period of depuration, the fish were fed in days intercalated with microcrustaceans and ration without contamination with the product, reaching a final concentration of 0.25 x 10-8 µg heptacloro/µg organisms. In tests carried out with these three organisms, it was observed that the concentration was bigger as higher the level inside of the considered model, thus proving the hypothesis of the bioaccumulation, biomagnification, and depuration power of heptachlor.
 
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Publishing Date
2006-11-28
 
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